bio chapter 1

Question 1

scientific method

Answer 1

procedure for formulating, testing, and eliminating ideas

Question 2

observation

Answer 2

using your 5 senses
Example - Allies hair is up.

Question 3

inference

Answer 3

a statement made from an observation
Example - Someones hair is up because they are hot.

Question 4

hypothesis

Answer 4

an educated guess and a written statement. You can only disprove hypothesis you can never prove them.
Example - girls are more flexible than boys

Question 5

prediction

Answer 5

stating in advance the results that will be obtained is the hypothesis is correct. (if, then statement)
Example - If girls are more flexible than boys then girls will have a higher score on the sit and reach test.

Question 6

experiment

Answer 6

a procedure carried out under controlled conditions to test a hypothesis

Question 7

data

Answer 7

???

Question 8

control group

Answer 8

a group that nothing is done to (used for comparison)

Question 9

experimental group

Answer 9

a group that something happens to

Question 10

constants

Answer 10

Things that are not changed in any way in the experiment

Question 11

independent variable

Answer 11

factor that is changed (x-axis)

Question 12

dependent variable

Answer 12

measured in an experiment (y-axis)
Example - height or weight

Question 13

analyzing

Answer 13

the process of determining whether data is reliable and whether it supports or rejects your hypothesis

Question 14

satistics

Answer 14

the science of collecting and analyzing numerical data (always analyzing the dependent variable)

Question 15

conclusion

Answer 15

???
Example - The data indicated plants need sunlight to grow.

Question 16

conditions

Answer 16

anything you have to consider before making a conclusion (things that may have affected your results)

Question 17

theory

Answer 17

explanation for a large set of data (this is not part of the scientific method)

Question 18

scientific law

Answer 18

is fact

Question 19

what are the three parts of an controlled experiment

Answer 19

one variable (independent variable), experimental group, and controlled group

Question 20

recognize a problem / questioning

Answer 20

needs to be testable, and or you are curious

Question 21

biology

Answer 21

the study of life

Question 22

organism

Answer 22

any living thing

Question 23

organells

Answer 23

tiny structures within the cell that have a specific function
Example - mitochondria, or chloroplast

Question 24

organ

Answer 24

Example - small/large intestate, liver, and kidney

Question 25

organ system

Answer 25

there are 11 human systems Example - reproductive, or muscular

Question 26

what are the levels of organization in order

Answer 26

1- atoms 2- molecules 3- organelles 4- cells 5- tissue 6- organs 7-organ system 8- organism

Question 27

list the characteristics of life

Answer 27

1- living things are highly organized at both molecular and cellular levels 2- cell 3-Metabolism 4-growth 5-development 6-obtain energy form the surrounding 7-respond to a stimulus 8- homeostasis 9- reproduction and heredity 10- evolution 11- excretion

Question 28

cell

Answer 28

basic unit of life

Question 29

unicellular

Answer 29

contains only one cell Example - bacteria, paramecium amoeba

Question 30

multi-celluar

Answer 30

contains more than one cell Example - plants, animals

Question 31

prokaryotes

Answer 31

do not contain a true nucleus or membrane bound organelles Example - bacteria

Question 32

eukaryote

Answer 32

does contain a true nucleus or membrane bound organelles Example - humans, animals, plants

Question 33

metabolism

Answer 33

refers to all the chemical reactions in an organism that take in and transfer energy and material into environment

Question 34

growth

Answer 34

an increase in size do to call division

Question 35

development

Answer 35

a series of changes that occur during growth

Question 36

differentiation

Answer 36

un-specialized cells become specialized cells

Question 37

where does almost all energy come from

Answer 37

the sun

Question 38

apostrophes

Answer 38

organisms that make their own food (producers) Example - plants

Question 39

hererotrophes

Answer 39

rely on others for food - get energy from cellular respiration Example - animals and humans

Question 40

nutrients

Answer 40

substances used for growth, maintenance and repair examples - protein, water, minerals, vitumans

Question 41

cellular respiration equation

Answer 41

6O*2 + C*6H*12O*6 --> 6CO*2 + 6H*2O+ATP

Question 42

photosynthesis

Answer 42

6CO*2 + 6H*2O-->C*6H*12O*6 + 6O*2

Question 43

stimulates

Answer 43

a physical or chemical change in the internal or external environment Examples - sunlight on your eyes, when its going to rain and the leaves turn over (A REACTION)

Question 44

homeostatsis

Answer 44

The ability of an organism to maintenance a stable internal environment despite a constantly changing external environment Example - when you sweat when its hot to cool your body

Question 45

reproduction

Answer 45

making more organisms

Question 46

asexual reproduction and how do humans use it

Answer 46

one cell divides and not genetic material is exchanged and humans use it to reproduce cells

Question 47

sexual reproduction and how do humans use it

Answer 47

union of two cells and genetic material is exchanged and humans use it to produce more organisms

Question 48

mutation

Answer 48

are mistakes in the DNA

Question 49

where heredity material is found

Answer 49

in genes in the form of DNA on the chromosomes in the nucleus

Question 50

what determines characteristics

Answer 50

determined by both genes and the environment

Question 51

evolution

Answer 51

the process by which species have arisen and changed as they descend from common ancestors (a change over a long period of time)

Question 52

Charles Darwin's theory

Answer 52

based on natural selection

Question 53

natural selection

Answer 53

organisms that have certain favorable traits are better able to reproduce than those without the traits Examples - Giraffes with short necks couldn't reach their food

Question 54

adaptation

Answer 54

traits and behaviors that enable a species to survive Examples - Artic bunnies have white fur to blend in

Question 55

excretion

Answer 55

the removal of waste