Bio Ch3

Question 1

structure of nucleic acid

Answer 1

polymers of nucleotides

Question 2

functions of nucleic acid

Answer 2

genetic material inherited from parents, serve as blueprints for proteins

Question 3

organic molecule

Answer 3

contain element carbon, usually synthesized by cells, carbon-based molecules

Question 4

macromolecule

Answer 4

A giant molecule in a living organism, A protein, carbohydrates, lipid, or nucleic acid

Question 5

carbohydrates

Answer 5

contains single monomer sugar’s (monosaccharides), two molecule sugars (disaccharides), and other multi unit sugars(polysaccharides)

Question 6

examples of carbohydrates

Answer 6

sugars and starches

Question 7

protein

Answer 7

A biological polymer constructed from amino acid monomers

Question 8

lipid

Answer 8

and organic compound consisting mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms linked by nonpolar covalent bonds. hydrophobic.

Question 9

examples of lipids

Answer 9

fats, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids that are insoluble in water

Question 10

nucleic acid

Answer 10

Serves as a blueprint for proteins. DNA and RNA

Question 11

DNA

Answer 11

deoxyribonucleic acid. a genetic material that organisms inherit from their parents. double helix shape. made of nucleotide monomers with deoxyribose sugar

Question 12

what nitrogenous bases are in DNA

Answer 12

adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine

Question 13

RNA

Answer 13

ribonucleic acid. A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with the ribose sugar

Question 14

what nitrogenous bases are in RNA

Answer 14

adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil

Question 15

enzyme

Answer 15

A protein that serves as a biological catalyst, changing the rate of a reaction without itself being changed into a different molecule in the process. Lowers activation energy

Question 16

activation energy

Answer 16

The amount of energy necessary for a chemical reaction to occur

Question 17

what is an enzyme

Answer 17

biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the amount of action energy

Question 18

catalyst

Answer 18

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself going through any permanent chemical change

Question 19

denaturation

Answer 19

A process in which a protein unravels losing at specific confirmation and hence function

Question 20

unsaturated fat

Answer 20

pertaining to fats and fatty acids that have one or more double covalent bonds

Question 21

monomer

Answer 21

A chemical subunit that serves as a building block of polymers.

Question 22

polymer

Answer 22

A large molecule consisting of many identical or similar molecular units, called monomers covalently joined together in a chain

Question 23

amino acid

Answer 23

and organic molecule containing a carboxyl group and an amino group. Serves as the monomer of proteins

Question 24

polypeptide

Answer 24

A chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds

Question 25

monosaccharide

Answer 25

The smallest kind of sugar molecule, a single unit sugar. Building blocks of more complex sugars and polysaccharides

Question 26

polysaccharide

Answer 26

A carbohydrate polymer consisting of hundreds to thousands of monosaccharides (sugars) linked by covalent bonds

Question 27

molecule

Answer 27

a group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bond

Question 28

nucleotide

Answer 28

building blocks of nucleic acids

Question 29

nitrogen base

Answer 29

bass containing the element nitrogen

Question 30

glucose

Answer 30

monosaccharide which is used by cells to create energy