Bio Ch 5 AGRICULTURE Flashcards

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1
Q

In addition to light, what are the five most major chemical needs of plants and why do plants need
each?

A

Needs
1. Nitrate/ Ammonia (N) - Protein & Nucleic acid
2. Phosphate (P) - ATP & Nucleic acids
3. Potassium (K)
4. Magnesium (mg)
5. Micronutrients - substances required in relatively small living microorganisms)

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2
Q

Briefly explain what mycorrhizae are

A

PLANT MUTUALISM

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3
Q

Explain how mycorrhizae interact with plants.

A

Fungi mutualists with plant underground structures (usually roots)

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4
Q

what is Rhizobium

A

a bacterium found in soil that helps in fixing nitrogen in leguminous plants

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5
Q

How does Rhizobium interact with plants?

A

to form nodules on the plant root, within which the bacteria can convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia that can be used by the plant.

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6
Q

Define tillage

A

erosion (soil blowing or washing away)

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7
Q

provide at least three environmental concerns associated with the intensive tillage that occurs during conventional farming.

A
  1. Pesticide and her bare pollution
  2. Irrigation
  3. Most things require burning in the oil
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8
Q

What was the Green Revolution and how did it transform agriculture?

A

GR - Hybrid seed varieties
Transform ag by increasing food production

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9
Q

Why is Green-Revolution agriculture generally considered unsustainable over the long term?

A
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10
Q

George Washington Carver’s work was focused on which ecological principles?

A

Nitrogen depletion and how to rehabilitate cotton fields

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11
Q

What did George Washington Carver and the students in his lab do that was important, and why was it important?

A

GWC and his students were working on crop rotation which is growing a variety of different crops in the same field.

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12
Q

Why is the use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers potentially very problematic for long-term sustainability and environmental quality?

A

overuse of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture leads to higher emissions of nitrous oxide, a gas that is 300 times more powerful than carbon dioxide

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