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Y9 EOY > bio - cell structure and microscopes > Flashcards

bio - cell structure and microscopes Flashcards

1
Q

What type of cell are plant and animal cells?

A

Eukaryotic cells

  • these make up eukaryotic organisms
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2
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

Where proteins are made in the cell

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3
Q

What is the function of cell membrane?

A

Contols what enters and leaves the cell

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4
Q

What is the function of cytoplasm?

A

Where most of the chemical reaction take place.

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5
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell.

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6
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

Where aerobic respiration happens

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7
Q

What is in a plant cell but not an animal cell?

A

cell wall, vacuole, chloroplast

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8
Q

What is the function of cell wall?

A

Adds strength and shape - made of cellulose

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9
Q

What is the function of chloroplast?

A

Contains chlorophyll and absorbs light needed for photosynthesis

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10
Q

What type of cell is a bacteria cell?

A

Prokaryotic

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11
Q

Which cell is bigger - prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic
- the prokaryotic cells are MUCH smaller

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12
Q

What is the biggest difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?

A

In a prokaryotic cell, the genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus.

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13
Q

Where is the DNA in a prokaryotic cell?

A

Floating around in the cytoplasm in long loops - plasmids.

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14
Q

Why have microscopy techniques developed over time?

A

Due to improving technology

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15
Q

Which microscope (electron or light) can produce images of higher magnification and resolution?

A

Electron microscope

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16
Q

What is magnification?

A

How much bigger an object appears compared to it’s actual size

17
Q

What is resolution?

A

How detailed the image is

18
Q

How do you calculate the Actual size?

A

Actual size = image size/magnification

19
Q

What is 1mm in micrometres (um)

A

1000um

20
Q

What is 1um in nanometres (nm)

A

1000nm

21
Q

What is the method of the microscopy practical?

A

Sample method:

  • place a tissue sample on a microscope slide
  • add a few drops of a suitable stain
  • place the slide on the microscope stage and focus on the cells using the lower power
  • change to higher powered lens and refocus
  • draw ant types of cells that can be seen
  • add a magnification scale to the diagram
22
Q

What are the hazards of the microscopy pratical?

A
  • stains can be irritant
  • lamps used as the light source can get hot
23
Q

Why do you need a stain?

A

To make certain structures visible

24
Q

Why lower the coverslip and press carefully?

A

To remove any bubbles

25
Q

Why can you see the nucleus and cell wall but not the mitochondria?

A

They are too small.

26
Q

How could we see the smaller structures (e.g. ribosomes)?

A

You would need to use an electron microscope.

Y9 EOY (12 decks)

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