bio - cell structure and microscopes

Question 1

What type of cell are plant and animal cells?

Answer 1

Eukaryotic cells

• these make up eukaryotic organisms

Question 2

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 2

Where proteins are made in the cell

Question 3

What is the function of cell membrane?

Answer 3

Contols what enters and leaves the cell

Question 4

What is the function of cytoplasm?

Answer 4

Where most of the chemical reaction take place.

Question 5

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 5

Contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell.

Question 6

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 6

Where aerobic respiration happens

Question 7

What is in a plant cell but not an animal cell?

Answer 7

cell wall, vacuole, chloroplast

Question 8

What is the function of cell wall?

Answer 8

Adds strength and shape - made of cellulose

Question 9

What is the function of chloroplast?

Answer 9

Contains chlorophyll and absorbs light needed for photosynthesis

Question 10

What type of cell is a bacteria cell?

Answer 10

Prokaryotic

Question 11

Which cell is bigger - prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Answer 11

Eukaryotic
- the prokaryotic cells are MUCH smaller

Question 12

What is the biggest difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 12

In a prokaryotic cell, the genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus.

Question 13

Where is the DNA in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 13

Floating around in the cytoplasm in long loops - plasmids.

Question 14

Why have microscopy techniques developed over time?

Answer 14

Due to improving technology

Question 15

Which microscope (electron or light) can produce images of higher magnification and resolution?

Answer 15

Electron microscope

Question 16

What is magnification?

Answer 16

How much bigger an object appears compared to it’s actual size

Question 17

What is resolution?

Answer 17

How detailed the image is

Question 18

How do you calculate the Actual size?

Answer 18

Actual size = image size/magnification

Question 19

What is 1mm in micrometres (um)

Answer 19

1000um

Question 20

What is 1um in nanometres (nm)

Answer 20

1000nm

Question 21

What is the method of the microscopy practical?

Answer 21

Sample method:

• place a tissue sample on a microscope slide
• add a few drops of a suitable stain
• place the slide on the microscope stage and focus on the cells using the lower power
• change to higher powered lens and refocus
• draw ant types of cells that can be seen
• add a magnification scale to the diagram

Question 22

What are the hazards of the microscopy pratical?

Answer 22

• stains can be irritant
• lamps used as the light source can get hot

Question 23

Why do you need a stain?

Answer 23

To make certain structures visible

Question 24

Why lower the coverslip and press carefully?

Answer 24

To remove any bubbles

Question 25

Why can you see the nucleus and cell wall but not the mitochondria?

Answer 25

They are too small.

Question 26

How could we see the smaller structures (e.g. ribosomes)?

Answer 26

You would need to use an electron microscope.