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Bio Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q
  • Discovered abiogenesis

- Flies and jars experiment

A

Redi

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2
Q

Discovered biogenesis

A

Rudolf Virchow

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3
Q

Discovered cells ( dead cells )

A

Hooke

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4
Q

Improved the microscope and discovered animalcules

A

Leeuwenhoek

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5
Q

Swan’s neck flask experiment

A

Pasteur

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6
Q

Pasteurization

A

heating liquids to a certain temp that would kill the bacteria before packaging to last longer.

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7
Q

Germ Theory

A

Microorganisms are responsible for illness

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8
Q

3 Cell Theory

A
  1. all organisms are composed of one or more cells
  2. The cell is the smallest functional unit of life.
  3. All cells are produced by other cells
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9
Q

Who created the cell theory?

A

Schleiden and Schwann

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10
Q

Why do scientist stain the specimen?

A

To be able to see the specimen

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11
Q

Microscope that uses a sweeping beam of electrons to produce a three dimensional object that can magnify from 10 000x to 300 000x.

A

Transmission electron microscope

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12
Q

Microscope that uses a sweeping beam of electrons to produce a two dimensional object that can magnify from 10 000x to 300 000x.

A

Scanning Electron microscope

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13
Q

Microscope that can be used to view living cells.

A

Compound Ligt microscope

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14
Q

How much you see through the microscope.

A

FOV or Field Diameter

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15
Q

Directs all the cell activities

A

Nucleus ( Both plant and animal )

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16
Q

Acts as a digestion and waste remover for cells.

A

Lysosome ( both )

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17
Q

Cell’s source of energy

A

Mitochondria

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18
Q

Makes cellular products like hormones and lipids

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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19
Q

Provides storage space for the cell

A

Vacuole ( plant )

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20
Q

Gives cell strength and structure

A

Cell wall ( plant )

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21
Q

Covert light energy into glucose

A

Chloroplast ( plant )

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22
Q
  • Jelly like fluid that fills a cell

- Give cell its shape

A

Cytoplasm ( both )

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23
Q

Golgi bodies/ apparatus

A

Sorts/ process proteins

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24
Q

Produce Protein

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

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25
Q

Transport materials from one place to another

A

Vesicle

26
Q

Boundary around the cell that separates the cell interior from the environment.

A

Cell Membrane or Plasma Membrane

27
Q

Basic Structure of the membrane and hold cell together

A

Phospholipids

28
Q

Hydrophilic vs. Hydrophobic

A 
Hydrophilic = Water Loving 
Hydrophobic = Water fearing
29
Q

Only certain things are allowed to pass through the membrane

A

Semi Permeable

30
Q

Particles are in constant motion

A

brownian motion

31
Q

Difference in concentration between two adjacent areas

A

Concentration Gradient

32
Q

Equal Concentrations

A

Equilibrium

33
Q

Passive vs. Active Transport

A 
Passive = no energy with concentration gradient
Active = with energy against concentration gradient
34
Q

3 types of passive transport

A

Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated diffusion

35
Q

Movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration. ex, fart

A

Diffusion

36
Q

Diffusion of water particles ( from areas where there is more water to areas where there is less water )

A

Osmosis

37
Q

Molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane.

A

Facilitated Diffusion

38
Q

2 types of transport proteins

A

Carrier proteins and channel proteins

39
Q

Changes shape for particles like glucose

A

Carrier Proteins

40
Q

Forms a tunnel like pore for ions

A

Channel Proteins

41
Q

Waste that are stored in vesicles or vacuoles enter the cell.

A

Endocytosis

42
Q

3 types of endocytosis

A

Phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptors

43
Q

endocytosis of large particles ( cell is eating )

A

Phagocytosis

44
Q

Endocytosis of fluid particles ( cell is drinking )

A

Pinocytosis

45
Q

Receive signals and initiate a response.

A

Receptors

46
Q

Waste that are stored in vesicles or vacuoles exit the cell.

A

Exocytosis

47
Q

Vessel that are present in the leaf, roots and stems of plants that is made up of xylem ( water and mineral transport ) and Phloem ( sugar Transport ).

A

Vascular Bundle

48
Q

water and mineral transport

A

Xylem

49
Q

Sugar transport

A

Phloem

50
Q

attractive forces between water molecules

A

Cohesive Forces

51
Q

Attractive forces between water molecules and molecules of a surface.

A

Adhesive Forces

52
Q

Turgor pressure inside root xylems forces water up the xylem

A

root pressure

53
Q

water evaporates from the surface of leaf cells

A

transpiration

54
Q

process by which living things convert oxygen and glucose to carbon dioxide and water, thereby yielding energy.

A

Cellular Respiration

55
Q

process by which green plants create their own food by turning light energy into chemical energy.

A

Photosynthesis

H2O + Sunlight + CO2 -> C6H12O6 + O2

56
Q

Amount of water in vacuoles of plant cells

A

Turgor Pressure

57
Q

Plant’s response to its environment

A

Tropism

58
Q

Growth of plant towards the light source to maximize photosynthesis

A

Phototropism

59
Q

Growth of plant in response to gravity

A

Gravitropism

60
Q

organization of organisms

A

cells, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

science (5 decks)

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