Bio 3 Flashcards
What is the structure of te digestive system
The hollow organs that make up the GI tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. The liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are the solid organs of the digestive system.
What are digestive enzymes and what do they do
the food you eat. These proteins speed up chemical reactions that turn nutrients into substances that your digestive tract can absorb
What is absorption
a substance captures and transforms energy
What is food energy
chemical energy that animals (including humans) derive from their food to sustain their metabolism, including their muscular activity.[1]
What do we mesure food energy using
Calories or joules
What is malnutrition
deficiencies or excesses in nutrient intake, imbalance of essential nutrients or impaired nutrient utilization
What is the structure of the gas exchange system
The bronchioles divide until they end up in tiny air sacs called alveoli These alveoli are surrounded by a network of capillaries, allowing for oxygen and carbon dioxide to be exchanged between the blood in the capillaries and the air in the lungs
What is the process of breathing
This is called gas exchange When you inhale (breathe in), air enters your lungs, and oxygen from that air moves to your blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste gas, moves from your blood to the lungs and is exhaled
What is the circulatory system
made up of blood vessels that carry blood away from and towards the heart
Define evolution
the process by which different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth.
Define adaptation
the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment
How does natural selection lead to evolution
causes species to change and diverge over time
Biodiversity def
the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems, and can encompass the evolutionary, ecological, and cultural processes that sustain life
What’s a gene pool
the combination of all the genes (including alleles) present in a reproducing population or species
Extinction def
the fact or process of a species, family, or other group of animals or plants becoming extinct.
