bio 24 Flashcards
IBS is the abbreviation for which condition affecting the colon in humans?
Irritable Bowel syndrome
A carpal boss is the name for a bony outgrowth in which part of the human body?
wrist
Bone and dental deformities can occur due to the excess intake of which substance?
Fluoride
COPD is the abbreviation for which condition affecting breathing in humans?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease
During what stage of transcription are ribonucleotides added to the complex strand of RNA?
Elongation
During what stage of transcription does RNA polymerase attach to the DNA molecule and move along the DNA strand until it recognizes a promoter sequence?
Initiation
Give the name of the type of simple permanent tissue that makes up a major part of ground tissues in plants?
Parenchyma
GMO foods are scientifically altered, what does GMO stand for?
Genetically modified organisms
Haglund’s deformity is a bony enlargement on which specific part of the human body?
The heel
How many bones are in each human foot?
26
How many bones in total are in each human hand?
27
How many bones make up the human cranium?
8
In arthropods what is the shedding of the exoskeleton called?
Moulting or ecdysis
In food processing what is the name of the process by which water is removed from food?
Dehydration
In humans the genome consists of how many pairs of chromosomes?
23 pairs
In which class in the animal kingdom do mosses and liverworts belong?
Bryophyta
Name the fluid made and released by the liver in humans and used to emulsify fat during digestion?
Bile
Phylloquinone is the scientific name of which vitamin?
Vitamin K
Slugs and snails belong to which class of invertebrates?
Gastropods
The adjective coronary refers to blood vessels which supply which human organ?
Heart
The colon in the human body is divided into how many regions?
4
The human pharynx is divided into 3 parts what is the name of the middle part?
Oropharynx
The lumbar spine in the human body consists of how many vertebrae?
5
The lung on which side of the human body is smaller?
Left
The olfactory bulb is located in which human sense organ?
The nose
The olfactory nerve is mainly located in which human sense organ?
The nose
The papillae and tastebuds are located on what part of the tongue?
anterior two-thirds of the tongue
The pons is a broad mass of transverse nerve fibre that connects the medulla in the human brain to what structure?
Cerebellum
The spleen is a small organ typically located behind the ribcage and stomach on which side of the body?
Left
The thoracic spine in humans consist of how many vertebrae?
12
The vitreous humour is located in which human sense organ?
The eye
To what organ of the body does the word pulmonary refer?
Lung
To which phylum in the animal kingdom do centipedes belong?
Arthropoda
To which phylum in the animal kingdom do jellyfish belong?
Cnidaria
To which phylum in the animal kingdom does the starfish belong?
Echinodermata
Weakness of muscles and bones in the elderly may occur due to the deficiency of what vitamin?
Vitamin D
What are the suture joints between the parietal and occipital bones in humans called?
Lambdoid suture
What are the tiny air sacs present in human lungs called?
Alveoli
What cellular structure is known as the protein synthesizer in a plant or animal cell?
Ribosome
What divides the inside of the human nose into two chambers?
Nasal septum
What does a piscivore mainly consume?
Fish
What does an ovivore mainly consume?
Eggs
What does the abbreviation ATP mean in biology?
Adenosine triphosphate
What does the abbreviation DNA mean in genetics?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What hormone is produced by the two adrenal glands located at the top of each human kidney?
Cortisol
What is another name for erythrocytes?
Red blood cells
What is another name for the larvae of a cockroach?
Nymph
What is another name for thrombocytes?
Platelets
What is the collective name for the two main transport tissues in plants, the xylem and the phloem?
Vascular Bundle
What is the descriptive term for a plant cell that do not have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles?
Prokaryotes
What is the fluid in a nucleus called?
Nucleoplasm
What is the fluid inside a cell called?
Cytoplasm
What is the front pigmented fibrovascular layer of the iris in the human eye called?
Stroma
What is the general term for a plant cell organelle which stores food, water and waste materials?
Vacuole
What is the generic term for free floating cells such as blood cells and lymph cells in the human body?
Corpuscle
What is the hollow space through which the air flows in the nose called?
Nasal cavity
What is the largest blood vessel in the human body?
The aorta
What is the main gas released during the process of animal respiration?
Carbon dioxide
What is the name for a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment?
Ecosystem
What is the name for the enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of cane sugar to the simple sugar glucose and fructose?
Sucrase
What is the name for the hollow air-filled chambers in the bones around the human nose?
Sinuses
What is the name for the light sensitive pigment found in the rod cells of the human retina?
Rhodopsin
What is the name for the masses of endocrine cells scattered throughout the human pancreas?
Islets of Langerhans
What is the name for the process of transferring blood products into a person’s circulation intravenously?
Blood transfusion
What is the name for the study of fungi?
Mycology
What is the name for the study of viruses?
Virology
What is the name for the type of nerve pain that radiates down the back and into the hip and is commonly caused by herniated disk?
Sciatica
What is the name for the very small vessels mostly located inside the bone marrow, liver and spleen?
Sinusoids
What is the name of structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use?
Mitochondria
What is the name of the area that forms the roof of the human mouth and separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?
Palate
What is the name of the bony flap providing the covering of the gills in fishes?
Operculum
What is the name of the device that is used to measure or monitor blood pressure in humans?
Sphygmomanometer
What is the name of the diagnostic device used to measure lung capacity?
Spirometer
What is the name of the fold of protective skin that closes over the human eye?
Eyelid
What is the name of the membrane that separates the middle ear and the external ear in humans?
Ear drum
What is the name of the muscular tube that connects the oral and nasal cavities to the larynx and oesophagus?
Pharynx
What is the name of the photoreceptor cells in the human retina that give us our colour vision?
Cones
What is the name of the pouch like structure located at the junction of the small and the large intestines in humans?
Caecum
What is the name of the smallest gland in the human body?
Pineal gland
What is the name of the stalk like part of the brain that interconnects the cerebrum and forebrain with the spinal cord?
Medulla oblongata
What is the name of the structure in a chromosome that holds the two spermatids together?
Centromere
What is the name of the tiny bulb shaped sacs at the end of the bronchi where gas exchanges?
Alveoli
What is the name of the tube through which urine leaves the body?
Urethra
What is the scientific name for grapes?
Vitis vinifera
What is the scientific name for the childhood disease Chicken pox?
Varicella
What is the scientific name for the disease German measles?
Rubella
What is the scientific name for the loss of water in the form of water droplets from hydrocodes on the leaf margin of a small herbaceous plant?
Guttation
What is the scientific name for the pineapple?
Ananas comosus
What is the scientific name for Vitamin B3?
Niacin
What is the scientific name for Vitamin B9?
Folic acid
What is the specific name of the oxygenated vessel that supplies blood to the liver, duodenum and pancreas?
Hepatic artery
What is the total number of pairs of peripheral nerves in humans?
43
What is the total number of pairs of spinal nerves in humans?
31
What is the white area of the human eye called?
Sclera
What kind of suture joint is present between the horizontal plates of two palatine bones in humans?
Plane sutures
What links the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the internal ear of humans?
Ossicles
What term is used to refer to the body’s immune system overreacting to a food or substance that is not generally harmful?
Allergy
What type of ecosystems are devoid of trees and are found in cold climates or where rainfall is scarce?
Tundra
What type of epidermal cells found mainly in the skin produce a pigment called melanin which serves as protein?
Melanocyte
What type of human nerve carry messages from the central nervous system to the muscles of the body?
Motor nerves
What type of joint is found in the head and neck of the human body?
Pivot
What type of joint is found in the hip and shoulders in the human body?
Ball and socket
Where does the process of respiration in earthworms take place?
The skin
Which gland is mainly responsible for the production and secretion of the hormone responsible for increasing calcium levels in the blood when necessary?
Parathyroid
Which human organ is the first line of defence of the body against external pathogens?
The skin
Which mesophyll layer has large spaces between the cells and allows free circulation of gases into the cells?
Spongy mesophyll
Which organ of the body absorbs oxygen into the blood?
Lungs
Which organ releases the hormone glucagon when the sugar level is low in humans?
Pancreas
Which organs of the human body are responsible for adjusting the temperature and humidity of inhaled air?
Nasal Chambers
Which part of the human eye lubricates the front surface and protects it from debris and dust?
Eyelid
Which plant hormones are responsible for promoting cell division and lateral growth?
Cytokinin
Which plant hormones are responsible for promoting cell growth and elongation of the plant?
Auxins
Which sense of the body provides up to two thirds of the information we receive from our surroundings?
Vision
Which specific type of carbohydrate is the body’s most readily source of energy?
Monosaccharides
Which structure uses filtration to keep the mucus and dirt away from the human lungs?
Cilia
Which vitamin is also known as retinol?
Vitamin A
The elephant’s tusks develop from which specific part of the body?
The teeth
The hump of a camel consists primarily of what type of tissue?
Adipose or fat
Cystitis is a condition which affects which specific organ in the body?
Bladder
Haglund’s deformity is a bony enlargement on the back of which specific part of the human body?
Heel or calcaneus
In avian respiration where does the exchange of gases occur?
Lungs
In food processing what is the process by which food contents are sealed in an airtight container at high temperatures?
Canning
In the body what structure sits in front of the knee joint and protects the joint from damage?
Patella
In which phylum in the animal kingdom do humans belong?
Chordata
Is the gestation period of a donkey closer to 6 months, 1 year or 18 months?
1 year
To which phylum does the earthworm belong?
Annelida
What are the names of the two primary bones in the human forearm?
Ulna and radius
What is defined as the fundamental process by which different plant species grow from a single seed into a plant?
Germination
What is the general name for the photosynthetic tissue in plants that contains numerous chloroplasts?
Mesophyll layer
What is the name for a type of nerve pain that radiates down the back into the hip and leg and is commonly called a herniated disk?
Sciatica
What is the name for the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis which results in its separation into two daughter cells?
Cytokinesis
What is the name for the muscular middle layer of the human heart?
Myocardium
What is the name of the process that involves development of the female gamete without fertilization?
Parthenogenesis
What is the name of the sharp teeth at the front of the human mouth that are specialised for cutting?
Incisors
What is the rarest blood type in humans?
AB-
What is the specific name for the innermost layer that lines the inner heart chambers in humans?
Endocardium
What is the technical term for any gap larger than 0.5mm between the upper incisors?
Diastema
What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
What term is used to refer to the number of corpuscles in a specific volume of human blood?
Blood count
What two bones are found in the lower leg of humans?
Tibia and fibula
What type of stomata has two guard cells that are shaped like dumbbells?
Gramineous Stomata
Which blood type in humans is the universal donor?
O
Which macromolecule in the body does not form polymers?
Lipids
Which phylum in the animal kingdom literally means jointed legs?
Arthropoda
Which phylum in the animal kingdom literally means organisms with holes?
Porifera
Which specific branch of biology is the study of fossils which are formed from the physical impressions of structures left behind by animals as evidence of their behaviour or existence?
Ichnology
Which specific branch of biology is the study of the ecosystems of inland waters?
Limnology
Which substance in the body is nicknamed the love hormone?
Oxytocin
What type of joint is characterised by the presence of fluid filled spaces between the smooth cartilage in the joint capsule?
Synovial
Derived from a word meaning pertaining to a gland, what is the name for a type of non-cancerous tumour that may affect various organs?
Adenoma
How many layers of connective tissue are in the body’s renal capsule?
3
How many phalanges are in each human finger?
3
In humans what is the name for an unfertilized female gamete?
Ovum
In the cell cycle at the end of interphase comes the mitotic phase which comprises mitosis and which other process?
Cytokinesis
In which part of the human body is the femur located?
What is the name for a type of non-cancerous tumour that may affect various organs?
Adenoma
How many Phalange are in each human finger?
3
In humans, what is the name for an unfertilized female gamete?
Ovum
In the cell cycle, at the end of interphase comes the mitotic phase which comprises mitosis and which other process?
Cytokinesis
In which part of the human body is the femur located?
The thigh
In which specific part of the human body are platelets made?
Bone marrow
Is the Homozygous dominant genotype denoted by two uppercase letters, two lowercase letters or a combination of upper- and lower-case letters?
Two uppercase letters
The deficiency of what vitamin causes night blindness?
Vitamin A
The thenar muscles are responsible for the movement of which specific body part?
The thumb
What are the patterns of arrangement for the leaves on a stem called?
Phyllotaxy
What are the two main female reproductive hormones?
Oestrogen and progesterone
What flexible tube-like structure connects the developing foetus to the placenta in the womb?
Umbilical cord
What hormone helps to reduce the blood glucose levels in humans?
Insulin
What is a female donkey called?
Jenny
What is a female Koala called?
Doe
What is the full scientific name for the largest muscle in the human body?
Gluteus Maximus
What is the more common name for the hallux in the human body?
Big toe
What is the name for cells that don’t have an enclosed nucleus?
Prokaryotes
What is the name for the dental surgeon who specializes in performing root canals?
Endodontist
What is the name for the first part of the small intestines in humans?
Duodenum
What is the name for the group of non-vascular land plants that includes Liverworts, Hornworts and Mosses?
Bryophytes
What is the name of any vascular plant that produces by means of an exposed seed or ovule?
Gymnosperm
What is the name of the foetal organ made up of its parenchyma, chorion, amnion and umbilical cord?
The placenta
What is the name of the joint which allows movement in all planes, for example the shoulder?
Ball and socket
What is the name of the part of the amoeba that hosts a granular nucleus, food vacuole and a contractile vacuole?
The endoplasm
What is the name of the phylum of any group of vascular plants that have roots, stems and leaves and is produced by spores rather than flowers and seeds?
Pteridophytes
What is the name of the physical phenomenon which gives rise to the concave appearance of the surface of a glass capillary tube?
Surface tension
What is the name of the process by which the body changes food and drink into energy?
Metabolism
What is the name of the smallest skeletal muscle in the human body?
Stapedius muscle
What is the name of the summer sleep by many animals living in the desert?
Aestivation
What is the name of the valve in the human heart which controls the flow of blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
What is the process called when a caterpillar develops into a butterfly?
Metamorphosis
What is the scientific name for what is often referred to as the ringing of the ears?
Tinnitus
What is the specific name of plant cells on the leaves located just below the epidermis?
Palisade parenchyma cells
What is the term used to refer to the outer protective covering in addition to the cell wall found in bacterial and other prokaryotic cells?
Capsule
What part of the trunk of a tree serves as a protection from the outside world?
Outer Bark
What specific part of the human brain is most associated with learning and long-term memory?
Hippocampus
What specific part of the human brain is responsible for vision?
The occipital lobe
What term is used to describe a solution which has a higher concentration of solutes than the cells immersed in it?
Hypertonic
What vitamin is produced when you are exposed to sunlight by special cells in your skin?
Vitamin D
Which phylum in the animal kingdom has a name which means Jointed foot?
Arthropoda
A DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of four types of nucleotide sub-units each known as a DNA chain or what other name?
Strand or DNA Strand
A nephron in the human kidney has 2 main parts 1 part is the renal tubule what is the other part?
The renal corpuscle
Animal cells contain membrane bound organelles filled with enzymes that have the ability to break down many different types of biomolecules what are these organelles called?
Lysosomes
Derived from a Greek word meaning partition what is the name of the structure in the human body that separates the thoracic cavity form the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
Derived from a word that literally means twisted berry what is the full name for the genus of gram-positive bacteria often occurring in chains of varying lengths and mostly responsible for throat respiratory and skin infections?
Streptococcus
Derived from the Greek meaning to eat or devour what is the name for immune cells whose main role is to circulate and ingest and destroy microbes and cellular debris?
Phagocytes
Emulsification of fats is a necessary process in digestion and it is carried out with the assistance of the enzyme lipase secreted by the pancreas where specifically does this emulsification takes place?
In the small intestines
First thoroughly studied in 1877 by German Wilhelm Pfeffer What is the name of the process in which there is a spontaneous passage or diffusion of water or other solvents through a semi-permeable membrane in plants?
Osmosis
Gastropoda and Bivalvia are classes of organisms belonging to what phylum?
Mollusca or Molluscs
How many lobes are in the human liver?
4
How many phalanges are there in the human hand?
14
In a plant cell what is responsible for transporting modifying and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations?
The Golgi apparatus
In evolutionary theory what name is given to the biological mechanism by which organisms adjust to new environments?
Adaptation
In genetics what is the name of the process which occurs when a chromosome breaks and the fragmented pieces reattach to different chromosomes?
Translocation
In Genetics what term is used to describe a zygote which has received the same alleles of a genomic marker from each biological parent?
Homozygous
In humans what is the name for the developing offspring after the embryonic stage prior to birth?
Foetus
In which specific mode of nutrition do organisms consume their daily food in the form of dead and decomposed matter?
Saprophytic nutrition
In which specific part of the human body does the formation of white blood cells occur?
Bone marrow
Labyrinthitis is an infection affecting which organ of the human body?
Ear or inner ear
Legumes belong to which family in the plant kingdom?
Fabaceae or Leguminosae
Of the eight main blood types in humans specifically which one is the most rare?
AB-
Specifically what is the name for the blood vessel that carries oxygen depleted blood back to the heart from the lower part of the body?
Inferior Vena cava
The deficiency of what vitamin causes scurvy?
Vitamin C
The primary function of the corpus luteum in women is secretion of which hormone for the maintenance of pregnancy?
Progesterone
The pulp cavity of each tooth in humans includes 2 main parts 1 is the pulp chamber which is the upper section contained within the crown what is the name of the other?
Root canal
What are the two main blood proteins in the human body?
Albumin and globulin
What hormone controls the body’s salt and water balance?
Aldosterone
What Human organ keeps the amount of fluids constant in the body?
Kidney
What is the adjective used to describe animals producing young by means of eggs which are hatched within the body of the parent as in some snakes?
Ovoviviparous
What is the collective name for marine aquatic organisms that includes crustaceans, rotifers, etc.
Zooplankton
What is the full and complete common name for the organism which biologists refer to as Carcharodon carcharias?
The great white shark
What is the more popular name for the third molar tooth in humans?
Wisdom tooth
What is the name for a relationship between individuals of two species in which 1 species obtain food or other benefits from the other without either harming or benefiting the latter?
Commensalism
What is the name for a small circular non-chromosomal DNA molecule found in bacteria and some other microscopic organisms?
Plasmid
What is the name for an interaction in which in which one organism (the predator) eats all or part of the body of another organism (the Prey)?
Predation
What is the name for microorganisms whose actions results in the conversion of nitrates in soil to free atmospheric nitrogen?
Denitrifying bacteria
What is the name for photosynthesizing microscopic protists and bacteria that inhabit the upper sun lit layer of marine and fresh water bodies of water on earth?
microalgae or Phytoplankton
What is the name for plastids that produce and store starch within internal membrane compartments of a plant cell?
Amyloplasts
What is the name for the air sacs in the cytoplasm of an amoeba?
Vacuoles
What is the name for the entire genetic material of an organism?
Genome
What is the name for the fluid and solute component of blood which does not play a role in clotting?
Serum
What is the name for the formation of a blood clot limiting the natural flow of blood?
Thrombosis
What is the name for the internal walls that divide the hyphae of fungi into cells?
Septa or septum
What is the name for the main nerves of the human body’s parasympathetic nervous system?
Vagus or vagal nerve
What is the name of a tree’s pipeline for water moving up to the leaves?
Sapwood/ Xylem
What is the name of the composite organism that arises out of a stable symbiotic relationship between a fungus and algae?
Lichen
what is the name of the enzyme that converts trypsinogen into active trypsin?
Enterokinase
What is the name of the gelatinous material that lines the lungs and throat?
mucus
What is the name of the joint which allows movement in one plane for example the elbow?
Hinge joint
What is the name of the largest artery in the human body?
Aorta
What is the name of the longest part of the cell cycle?
Interphase
What is the name of the main enzyme Involved in blood coagulation and platelet aggregation and which converts fibrinogen to fibrin?
Thrombin
What is the name of the muscle groups that are situated in between the ribs that create and move the chest walls in the human body?
Intercostal muscles
What is the name of the outermost layer of the wall of the human heart?
Epicardium
What is the name of the paired bone of the human pelvis that form the lower and back part of the hip bone?
Ischium
What is the name of the process by which sexual reproduction occurs in Spirogyra?
Conjugation
What is the name of the process in which some organisms utilize energy derived from chemical reactions in their bodies to manufacture food from simple substances?
Chemosynthesis
What is the name of the process used to create an exact genetic replica of another Cell tissue or organism?
Cloning
What is the name of the relationship between individuals of two species in which one species obtains food or benefits from the other without harming or benefitting the other species?
Commensalism
what is the name of the yellow or brown carotenoid pigment which causes the autumn colour of leaves?
Xanthophyll
What is the scientific term for the gradual increase in the concentration of dissolved nutrients in an aging aquatic ecosystem such as a lake?
Eutrophication
What is the smallest bone in the human body?
Stapes
What is the specific name for a genotype where an individual inherits 2 copies of a dominant gene?
Homozygous dominant
What is the specific name for the surveying method used when there is a gradual change from one side of a habitat to another like the change in light between the outer edges of a forest to the centre?
Belt transect
What is the specific name for the upper layer of ground tissue in a leaf consisting of elongated cells beneath and perpendicular to the upper epidermis and which is the primary area of photosynthesis?
Palisade
What scientific term is used to refer to the initial stage of digestion during which digested food is mechanically broken down into small particles for ease of swallowing?
Mastication
What term is used to describe a solution which has the same concentration of solutes as the cells immersed in it?
Isotonic
What term refers to the presence of two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s cells with each parent contributing a chromosome to each pair?
Diploid
What two blood vessels are linked by capillaries in the human body?
Veins and arteries
What type of leaf is made up of two or more leaflets that branch into different leaflets and is connected by a single petiole?
Compound leaf
Which artery carries blood from the aorta to the kidneys?
Renal artery
Which Bacterial disease is nicknamed the blue death because the severe dehydration caused the body to take on a desiccated blue-gray tone?
Cholera
Which blood type can be used in transfusions for all other blood types?
O (O negative)
Which disease is known colloquially as the white death or historically as consumption?
Tuberculosis
Which mosquito born disease has a name which originates in the African Kimakonde language and means becoming contorted describing the stooped appearance of those who suffer from persistent Joint pain?
Chikungunya
Which of the following sampling methods is most suitable for determining the density of mushrooms in a garden
quadrat
Which phylum in the animal kingdom has a name which means spiny skin?
Echinodermata
Which word from the Greek meaning drifter is the name for organisms that float or move passively in their aquatic habitat?
Plankton
What is the name for the leaf shaped flap of cartilage that keeps food and liquids out of the trachea when humans swallow?
Epiglottis
What is the name of the oval or bean shaped organs that help the human body to fight infections?
Lymph Nodes
What is the name for the assertion of liquids through a tube or cylinder?
Capillarity
What part of the human body is “la mejilla”?
The cheek
What part of the human body is “la uña del dedo del pie”?
The toenail
What is the name of the pigment which when found in high levels in the blood causes Jaundice?
Bilirubin
What is the inner most layer of the human skin made of fat and connective tissues called?
Hypodermis
A deficiency in which vitamin leads to weakness in muscles and increases infertility?
Vitamin E
Bones muscles and Joints are all part of which system of the human body?
Musculoskeletal system
By which gland in the human body is the follicle stimulating hormone secreted?
Pituitary gland
Corpus unguis is the scientific name for which specific part of the human body?
The nail plate
Epinephrine is another name for which hormone?
Adrenaline
Glucagon is a peptide hormone produced by the alpha cells of which organ in the human body?
The pancreas
How many baby teeth are in the upper jaw of humans?
10
How many incisors can be found in the mouth of an adult human?
8
How many Layers are there in a tree trunk?
5
How many molars can be found in the mouth of an adult human?
12
How many pairs of legs does a cockroach have?
3
How many permanent teeth are in the upper jaw of humans?
16
In eukaryotic cells where does respiration occurs?
Mitochondria
In the bible how old was Ishmael when he was circumcised by his father Abraham?
13 years old
In the Taxonomic rank to which phylum do rag worms belong?
Annelida
In the taxonomic rank to which phylum do round worms belong?
Nematoda
In which gland in the human body is the hormone calcitonin secreted?
Thyroid gland
In which layer of the human skin are blood vessels hair follicles nerve endings and sebaceous glands located?
Dermis
In which organ of the body is the enzyme trypsin produced?
The pancreas
In which part of the body does blood pick up nutrients and transport them to other parts?
Small intestines
In which specific part of the human body can you find the only bone that is not connected to another bone?
Neck
Is the gestation period of a goat closer to 100, 150 or 200 days?
150
Is the gestation period of an elephant closer to 450, 500 or 650 days?
650 days
Mustard, carrot, beet root?
Tap roots
The bone marrow, thymus and lymph nodes are all part of which system of the human body?
The lymphatic system
The deficiency of which vitamin increases the time taken by human blood to clot?
Vitamin K
The Digitus medius manus is the scientific name for which specific part of the human body?
The middle finger
The VRG is the abbreviation for a column of neurones in the human body What does VRG Stand for?
Ventral respiratory group
To which class in the animal kingdom do centipedes belong?
Chilipoda
To which order in the animal kingdom do bats belong?
Chiroptera
To which order of insects to beetles belong?
Coleoptera
To which phylum do cockroaches belong?
Arthropoda
To Which phylum in the animal kingdom do amphibians belong?
Chordata
Track and field athletes are often diagnosed as having an ACL injury where in the human body is the ACL?
The Knee
Trypsin Catalyses the breakdown of protein into which simpler products?
peptides and amino acids
Vasopressin is another name for which hormone?
Anti diuretic hormone (ADH)
What are the two main types of plankton?
Phytoplankton and zooplankton
What class of vertebrates Consists of very primitive fishes lacking jaws and paired fins and considered to be parasites and scavengers?
Agnatha
What class of vertebrates is characterised by a bony skeleton rather than a Cartilaginous one?
Osteichthyes
What hormone controls calcium levels in human bone and blood?
Parathyroid hormone/ Calcitonin
What hormone regulates blood sugar level in the body by allowing cells to absorb and use glucose for energy?
Insulin
What is another name for the breastbone in humans?
Sternum
What is generally referred to as the living part of a cell?
Protoplasm
What is the collective name for the female reproductive parts of a flower?
Pistil
What is the collective names for the bones that are responsible for transmitting sound waves from the ear drum to the middle ear in humans?
Ossicles
What is the generic name for the type of cells that provide physical and chemical support for neurons?
Gleal cells
What is the largest digestive gland in the human body?
The liver
What is the longest part of the Human’s digestive system?
Small intestine
What is the medical term for a doctor who specialises in diseases of the lungs?
Pulmonologist
What is the name for the cells responsible for generating contractile force in the intact human heart?
Cardiomyocytes
What is the name for the chemical junction between the terminal of 1 neurone and the dendrites of another neurone?
Synapse
What is the name for the chemical released by the human body as part of its immune response and also when coping with allergens?
Histamine
What is the name for the diverse group of lymphocytes that recognise attack and kill foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria?
T-Cells
What is the name for the junction of the retina and optic nerve in humans where no sensory cells are found?
Blind spot
What is the name for the main stalk that supports the solitary flower or an inflorescence?
Peduncle
What is the name for the removal of excess water from plants via evaporation through the Stomata?
Transpiration
What is the name for the removal of water via hydrostatic pressure from the xylem of leaves when the stomata are closed?
Guttation
What is the name for the site of transmission of electric nerve impulses between two nerve cells in the body?
Synapse
What is the name for the specialised skin cell that that produces the protective skin darkening pigment melanin?
Melanocytes
What is the name of the final physical Cell division that follows telophase?
Cytokinesis
What is the name of the muscle layer of the human heart?
Myocardium
What is the name of the Muscular tube that connects the mouth and the stomach in humans?
oesophagus
What is the name of the opening that equalises air pressure on either side of the tympanic membrane in the human ear?
Eustachian tube
What is the name of the organic and inorganic substances that constitutes the nucleus and mitochondria of a cell?
Protoplasm
What is the name of the primary stage of cellular respiration where glucose is partially broken down in enzyme reactions that do not need oxygen?
Glycolysis
What is the name of the process by which food is crushed and ground by the teeth and is the first step of digestion?
Mastication or chewing
What is the name of the process in the human body that allows for substance to pass from the mouth and into the oesophagus while shutting the epiglottis?
Swallowing
What is the name of the second stage of cellular respiration that occurs in all aerobic organisms?
The Krebs cycle or the Citric acid cycle
What is the name of the shortest stage of mitosis during which the sister chromatids break apart and the chromosomes begin to move to opposite ends of the cell?
Anaphase
What is the name of the small pink globular spot at the inner corner of the medial canthus of the human eye?
Lachrymal caruncle
What is the name of the specialist who diagnoses and treat conditions relating to the feet and lower leg?
Podiatrist
What is the name of the structure that connects a developing foetus in humans to the uterine wall there by allowing nutrient uptake?
Placenta
What is the name of the structure that maintains the shape an internal organization of a cell and provides it with mechanical support?
Cytoskeleton
What is the name of the tissue that covers and protects the plant?
Dermal tissue
What is the outer skeleton of a snail called?
Shell
What is the PH of the cytoplasm of a cell?
7.4
What is the pipeline through which food is passed in a tree?
Inner bark or the phloem
What is the scientific name for the tailbone in the human body?
Coccyx
What is the scientific name for the voice box?
The larynx
What is the smallest gland in the human body?
Pituitary gland or hypophysis
What is the specific term for the scientific study of the microscopic structure of cells and tissues?
Histology
What is the technical term used to refer to the scientific classification of plants and animals?
Taxonomy
What is the tube-like structure that carries nerve impulses away from a cell body called?
Axon
What is the weakest and softest bone in humans?
The collar bone
What part of the brainstem links the human brain to the spinal cord and handles all unconscious movement and processes?
The pons
What two bones are found in the lower leg of humans?
Tibia and fibula
What type of animal does an avivore consume?
Birds
What type of creature does a Vermivore consume?
Worms
What type of human tissue stimulates muscles and transmits information within the body?
Nervous tissue
What type of joint is found at the elbows and knees in the body?
Hinge
What type of stomata are surrounded by 3 subsidiary cells having unequal sizes?
Anisocytic stomata
What type of stomata are surrounded by two types of subsidiaries which are located parallel to the stomatal pore?
Parasitic stomata
What type of teeth in humans are responsible for tearing and gripping food?
Canine
What type of tissue consists of continually dividing cells found in meristems of plants?
Meristematic tissue
Wheat, maize and banana are examples of what type of roots?
Fibrous
Which bird’s eye is larger or bigger than its brain?
Ostrich
Which cavity consists of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?
ventral cavity
Which cavity in the human body contains the spinal cord the Nervous system and spinal column?
Dorsal cavity or vertebral cavity
Which enzyme is contained in human saliva which breaks down the starch in foods?
Amalyse
Which fluid in our mouths contain substances that can kill germs?
Saliva
Which gland located at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus produces hormones which affect growth and reproduction?
Pituitary gland
Which Gland located in the human chest produces hormones that change T-cells into different types of disease fighters?
The thymus gland
Which gland of the human body is often referred to as the master gland?
Pituitary gland
Which gland releases the steroid hormone Cortisone?
Adrenal gland
Which hormone controls oestrogen and testosterone production as well as ovulation in the human body?
Luteinizing hormone
Which human organ removes waste and extra fluid from your body?
Kidney
Which organ is the largest gland in the human body?
The liver
Which plankton spends only part of its larval or reproductive stage as part of the plankton?
Meroplankton
Which process starting with the letter ‘A’ includes the absorption and metabolising of the end products of digestion into the cells of the digestive tract?
Assimilation
Which process starting with the letter ‘E’ is the one through which undigested an indigested food is expelled through the anus or cell vacuoles?
Egestion
Which protein is the main ingredient in hair and nails in the human body?
Keratin
Which specific bird have a name which means bird of prey?
Osprey
Which type of tissue protects the internal organs against the invasions of pathogens toxins and physical trauma?
Epithelial tissue
Who is known as the father of human anatomy?
Andreas Vesalius
