bio 1B

Question 1

what are the three biological approaches to bioethics

Answer 1

consequence-based: an approach where the individual is driven by the consideration for the consequences that are likely to result, aiming to maximise the positive outcomes and minimising negative outcomes
duty/rule-based: the individual is driven by a sense of duty to act in a certain way (follow rules + responsibilities without regard for the consequences that result from it)
virtues-based: an individual is driven by their character, rather than fundamental rules of consequences where consideration is given to the virtue or moral character of the person carrying out the action

Question 2

describe integrity

Answer 2

the commitment to knowledge and understanding as well as the honest reporting of all sources of information and results

Question 3

describe non-maleficence

Answer 3

the commitment to minimising harm - or when harm is unavoidable, to ensure that the harm caused is not disproportionate to the benefits from the action

Question 4

describe respect

Answer 4

the commitment to consideration which encourages the acknowledgment of the intrinsic value of living things and considers the value of others (prioritises the freedom of others to make their own decisions)

Question 5

describe justice

Answer 5

the concept that relates to the commitment to fairness where everyone’s opinions are considered and that all resources are shared equally

Question 6

describe beneficence

Answer 6

the commitment to maximising benefits and encourages individuals to act in a certain way that benefits others