bio

Question 1

Identify and explain three things need for
evolution of a species by natural selection

Answer 1

Variation – Differences in traits exist within a population.
Selection – Certain traits provide a survival or reproductive advantage.
Inheritance – Beneficial traits are passed to offspring, leading to evolution o

Question 2

What is variation and why is it important?

Answer 2

Variation is:
Differences in traits among individuals in a population, such as size, color, or resistance to disease.
It is important because:
It provides the raw material for natural selection, allowing some individuals to survive and reproduce better in changing environments, leading to evolution.

Question 3

Give a scientific explanation for why the finches have different shaped beaks.

Answer 3

Finches have different beak shapes due to adaptive radiation. Natural selection favored beaks suited for different food sources, helping finches survive and reproduce. Over time, this led to the evolution of distinct beak shapes.

Question 4

Explain how resistance may have evolved.

Answer 4

When DDT was used, susceptible mosquitoes died, but resistant ones survived and reproduced. Over generations, the resistant trait became more common in the population, making DDT less effective.

Question 5

Based on the below phylogeny, humans are most closely related to which
organism(s)? How do you know?

Answer 5

humans branching off more closely with chimpanzees and bonobos compared to gorillas, which are further along the tree.