bio

Question 1

characteristics of protists

Answer 1

mostly unicellular, some are multicellular

can be heterotrophic or autotrophic

most live in water (some live in moist soil or the human body)

ALL are eukaryotic

A protist is an eukaryotic organism that is not a plant, animal, or fungi

Question 2

Amoeboids

Answer 2

phylum sarcondina

use pseudopodia for locomotion and prey capture

no cell wall

refer to pictures of amoeba and radiolaria

Question 3

Flagellates

Answer 3

phylum mastigophora

have one or more flagella for motility

includes many parasitic species

giardia, trichomonas, leishmania

refer to image for trypanasoma

Question 4

Ciliates

Answer 4

phylum ciliophora

covered in cilia

locomotion
directing food particles into the oral groove

pellicle

refer to image of paramecium

Question 5

Sporozoans

Answer 5

phylum apicomplexa

all sporozoans are parasites

non-motile spore produces

plasmodium
toxoplasma
cryptosporidium

refer to image of plasmodium

Question 6

refer to amoeba image

Question 7

refer to radiolaria image

Question 8

refer to paramecium binary fission image

Question 9

refer to paramecium conjugation image

Question 10

refer to trpanosoma image

Question 11

pseudopodia

Answer 11

false feet, temporary extensions of the cytoplasm (characteristic of amoeba)

Used for movement and food gathering

Question 12

phagocytosis

Answer 12

the process by which amoeba feed

Question 13

amoeba proteus

Answer 13

common freshwater microorganism that moves and feeds using pseudopodia

Question 14

amoeba nucleus

Answer 14

can be seen as a dark round or oval capsule in the cytoplam of an amoeba

Question 15

contractile vacuole

Answer 15

used to expel excess water, appears as a large, light colored capsule in the cytoplasm

Question 16

food vacuoles

Answer 16

formed as food is engulfed by amoeba

Question 17

foraminifera

Answer 17

commonly called forams, group of mostly marine amoeboid protozoa where the majority live at the bottom of the ocean while others are part of the plankton

many have calcereous shells, calcium carbonate shells.

Question 18

radiolarians

Answer 18

extend their pseudopodia through holes in very intricate silica shells

planktonic

Question 19

cilia

Answer 19

dense minute hair-like extensions that beat rhythmically and cover part of the entire cell surface

serve for locomotion and food gathering for paramecium

Question 20

macronucleus

Answer 20

controls the daily functions of the cell

Question 21

micronucleus

Answer 21

used during sexual reproduction

Question 22

paramecium

Answer 22

a genus of ciliates found in fresh, brackish, and salt water

Question 23

oral groove

Answer 23

where the cilia in paramecium sweep bacteria, algae, and other microorganisms

Question 24

food vacuoles

Answer 24

release waste through a permanent anal pore

Question 25

contractile vacuole

Answer 25

where water content of the cytoplasm is regulated

Question 26

binary fission

Answer 26

the process by which paramecium and other ciliates reproduce

Question 27

conjugation

Answer 27

the process by which paramecium divide sexually

Question 28

flagella

Answer 28

a slender whip-like extension of the cell, sensory function

Question 29

parasitic

Answer 29

when one species acquires resources at the expense of a living host

Question 30

trypanosome

Answer 30

disease causing parasites that infect humans, cattle, and wild animals

Question 31

vector

Answer 31

transmitting organisms

Question 32

tsetse fly

Answer 32

the way in which trypanosomes is transmitted, a bite

Question 33

sleeping sickness

Answer 33

caused by parasites and trypanosoma, extreme fatigue

Question 34

apicomplexans

Answer 34

group of spore-forming internal parasites of animals

Question 35

malaria

Answer 35

caused by members of the genus plasmodium

Question 36

anopheles mosquito

Answer 36

acts as a vector that transmits numerous diseases through feeding on human blood

Question 37

all protozoa we studied

Answer 37

amoeboid protozoa (amoeba and radiolaria), ciliates (paramecium), flagellates (trpanasoma) and apicomplexans (plasmodium)

Question 38

in exercise 1 in lab 2 will deal with the culture plates done in lab 1. what two groups of organisms do you expect to see growing on the agar?

Answer 38

bacteria and fungi

Question 39

eukaryotes arose through a process of ___________, the incorporations and retention of smaller prokaryotes into the cytoplasm of larger proteukaryotes

Answer 39

endosymbiosis

Question 40

what is the term used for animal-like protists

Answer 40

protozoa

Question 41

what is the term used for "floating life?"

Answer 41

plankton

Question 42

what is the most recognizable characteristic of amoeboid protists?

Answer 42

pseudopodia

Question 43

what material makes up the cell walls of foraminferans?

Answer 43

calcareous shells

Question 44

name two distinctive characteristics of cilates?

Answer 44

macronucleus and micronucleus

Question 45

what mechanism expels excess water from Amoeba, Paramecia, and other microorganisms

Answer 45

contractile vacuole

Question 46

what form of sexual reproduction is found in Paramecium?

Answer 46

binary fission

Question 47

what flagellate is studied in Lab 2? Which disease does it cause?

Answer 47

trypanosoma and it causes sleeping sickness

Question 48

what disease is caused by members of the genus plasmodium?

Answer 48

malaria

Question 49

what is used to slow the movement of protozoans in order to study them under the microscope?

Answer 49

methyl cellulose

Question 50

name the structure amoeboid protists use to bring food into their cells

Answer 50

pseudopodia - food vacuoles are formed as food is engulfed

Question 51

the cell walls of radiolarians are largely composed of __________

Answer 51

calcium carbonate - calcareous shells

Question 52

how does a paramecium feed?

Answer 52

cilia sweeping into the oral grove and forming food vacuoles

Question 53

name two means of reproduction in paramecium. Indicate which form is asexual reproduction and which form is sexual reproduction

Answer 53

binary fission - asexual conjugation - sexual

Question 54

what is the shape of trypanosoma found in a blood slide?

Answer 54

slender whip-like shape

Question 55

describe the infected cells seen in the slide of plasmodium

Answer 55

red blood cells are infected

Question 56

what is the vector that carries plasmodium to humans?

Answer 56

anopheles mosquito

Question 57

name the vector that transmits trypanosoma to humans and the disease caused by the infection

Answer 57

tsetse fly - sleeping sickness and finally a coma

Question 58

name the vector that transmits plasmodium to humans and the disease caused by the infection

Answer 58

anopheles mosquito - malaria