Bio 1011 Chapter 38 Flashcards
Simple fruit
A fruit derived from a single or severe fused carpels
Pollination
The transfer of pollen to the part a seed plant containing the ovules, a process required for fertilizations
Accessory fruit
A fruit, or assemblage of fruits, in which the fleshy parts are derived largely or entirely from tissues other than the ovaruy
Sepal
A modified leaf in angiosperms that helps enclose and protect a flower bud before it opens.
Fragmentation
A means of assexual reproduction whereby a single parent breaks into parts that regenerate into whole new individuals
Stamen
The pollen-producing reproductive organ of flower, consisting of anther and a filament.
Coleorhiza
The covering of the young root of the embryo os a grass seed.
Embryo sac
The female gametophyte of angiosperms, formed from the growth and division of the megaspore into a multicellular structure that typically has eight haploid nuclei.
Assexual reproduction
The generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes (by budding, division of a single cell, or division of the entire organismo into two or more parts). In most cases, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
Vegetative reproduction
assexual reproduction in plants.
Fruit
A mature ovary of a flower. The fruit protects dormant seeds and often functions in their dispersal.
Seed coat
A tough outer covering of a seed, formed from the outer coat of an ovule. In a flowering plant. the seed coat encloses and protects the embryo and endosperm.
Hypocotyl
In an angiosperm embryo, the embryonic axis below the point of attachment of the cotyledons and above the radicle.
Inflorescence
A group of flowers tightly clustered together.
Self-incompatibility
The ability of a seed plant to reject its own pollen and sometimes the pollen of closely related individuals.
Incomplet flower
A flower in which one or more of the four basic floral organs (sepals, petals, stamens or carpels) are either absent or nonfunctional.
Pollen tube
A tube that forms after germinations of the pollen grain and that functions in the delivery of sperm to the ovule.
Imbibition
The physical adsorption of water onto the internal surfaces of structures.
Ovary
(1) In flowers, the portion of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop. (2) In animals, the structure that produces female gametes and reproductive hormones.
Pstil
A single carpel or a group of fused carpels
Epicotyl
In an angiosperm embryo, the embryonic axis above the point of attachment of the cotyledons and below the first pair of miniature leaves.
Herbivory
An interaction in which an organism eats part of a plant or alga.
Receptacle
The base of a flower; the part of the stem that is the site of attachment of the floral organs.
Coevolution
The joint evolution of two interacting species, each is response to selection imposed by the other.