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Motility > Bino Vision > Flashcards

Bino Vision Flashcards

1
Q

3 things in order to have bino vision

A
  • VA has to be similar in both eyes
  • muscles must be able to move correctly
  • images from each retina must be fused
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2
Q

What are the 3 things the motor system is responsible for?

A
  • enlarging the field of view to make it a field of fixation
  • bringing the image to the fovea and keeping it there
  • maintaining the best single bino vision by aligning the 2 eyes.
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3
Q

Collection and integration of the information received at the retina, and transmitted to the cortex.

A

Sensory processing

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4
Q

What are some ways sensory processing could be affected?

A
  • amblyopia
  • uncorrected refractive error
  • eccentric fixation
  • disease

Basically anything that disrupts the integration of the images from the 2 eyes

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5
Q

Properly aligning the eyes at different distances and in different gazes.

A

Motor processing

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6
Q

T/F: if there is abnormalities in the sensory processing motor process doesnt suffer

A

False. It does suffer

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7
Q

Name 4 motor abnormalities

A
  • disease
  • deviations
  • nystagmus
  • vergence anomalies
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8
Q

Eye movements that occurs without awareness; there is stimuli from the visual, auditory or the vestibular systems and the eyes act accordingly. They are relative in nature.

A

Involuntary eye movements

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9
Q

T/F: involuntary eye movements depend on attention

A

True

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10
Q

The point at the center of the muscle or tendon that first touches the globe

A

Tangential point

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11
Q

This is the arc formed between the tangential point and the center of insertion of the muscle on the sclera.

A

Arc of contact

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12
Q

T/F: the arc of contact changes in length as a muscle contracts.

A

True

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13
Q

T/F: the arc of contact is longer when a muscle is relaxed and shorter when a muscle contracts.

A

True

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14
Q

Describes the direction of pull of the muscle and determines the axis the muscle will move around.

A

Muscle plane

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15
Q

The visual axis passes from the ___ to the _____

A

From the fovea to the point of fixation

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16
Q

T/F: The visual axis from both eyes intersect at fixation in normal binocular single vision.

A

True

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17
Q

The eye rotates vertically (up and down) on the ___ axis

A

X axis of Fick

18
Q

The eye makes torsiona rotations like a wheel around the ___ axis

A

Y

19
Q

The eye rotates horizontally on the ____ axis

A

Z

20
Q

The imaginary line joining the insertions of the 4 rectus muscles.

A

Spiral of tillaux

21
Q

Movers around the X axis

A

Vertical rectus muscles

22
Q

Horizontal movers around the vertical Z axis

A

Horizontal rectus muscles

23
Q

All rectus muscles arise from the ____

A

Annulus of zinn

24
Q

CN3 innervates what muscles

A

MR, IO, IR, and SR

25
Q

What innervated the LR

A

CN6

26
Q

The medial rectus inserts __ from the nasal limbus

A

5.5mm

27
Q

The lateral rectus inserts ___ from the temporal limbus

A

6.9mm

28
Q

The medial and lateral walls are ___ degrees of each other.

The orbital axis is about ___ of the two walls

A

45

23

29
Q

In primary gaze, the orbital axis is at ___of the visual axis.

A

23

30
Q

The superior rectus inserts ___ from the superior limbus

A

7.7mm

31
Q

What are the actions of the SR?

A

1-elevation
2-intortion
3-adduction

32
Q

What are the actions of the IR?

A

1-depression
2-extortion
3-adduction

33
Q

The IR inserts ___ behind the inferior limbus

A

6.5mm

34
Q

The oblique muscles insert behind the equator at ___ angle with the visual axis

A

51

35
Q

What are the actions of the superior oblique

A

1-intortion
2-depression
3-abduction

36
Q

What innervates the SO?

A

CN4

37
Q

Originates from the orbital apex above the annulus of Zinn, passes superiorly and upward along the superomedial wall.

A

Superior oblique

38
Q

What are the actions of the IO?

A

1-extortion
2-elevation
3-abduction

39
Q

When the globe is abducted 39 degrees, the angle between the visual axis and the superior oblique make an angle of 90 degrees with each other –
the superior oblique acts only as an ____

A

Intortor

40
Q

When the globe is abducted 39 degrees, the angle between the visual axis and the inferior oblique make an angle of 90 degrees with each other –
the inferior oblique acts only as an _____

A

Extortor

41
Q

The orbital axis is from the

A

Apex of the orbit to the opening of the orbit

42
Q

How far can the eye move? And at what degree does the head turn?

A

~50 degrees and at 20 degrees the head turns

Motility (6 decks)

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