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Intro To Computing > Binary, Hexidecimal, Bytes And Words > Flashcards

Binary, Hexidecimal, Bytes And Words Flashcards

1
Q

Two states a memory location can be in

A

1 and 0

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2
Q

What does bits stand for

A

Binary digITS

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3
Q

What are bits

A

The fundamental unit of data storage in a computer

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4
Q

How many bits make up a byte

A

8 bits

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5
Q

What are bytes

A

The smallest addressable units of memory storage

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6
Q

To what base is the decimal number system

A

10

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7
Q

What are the digits in the decimal number system,

A

0-9

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8
Q

What is the most significant number in a number that contains multiple digits

A

The leftmost digit

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9
Q

What is the least significant digit in a number which has multiple digits

A

The rightmost digit (@x10^0)

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10
Q

To what base is the binary numeral system

A

Base 2

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11
Q

Why is the decimal numeral system to the base 10

A

Because there are 10 possible digits that we can use

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12
Q

Why is the binary numeral system to the base 2

A

Because there are 2 possible digits that can be used

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13
Q

how to convert a binary number to it’s decimal equivalent

A

for each digit, muktiply it by 2^x, x being the position it holds in the number

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14
Q

how to convert a decimal to its binary equivalent

A

divide by two and keep the remainder, keep dividing the answer by 2, read the remainders upwards

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15
Q

to what base is the hexidecimal numeral system

A

16

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16
Q

what are the 16 symbols in hexadecimal

A

0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A.B.C.D.E.F

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17
Q

why is hexadecimal system useful

A

16 is a power of 2, so one hex digit corresponds to exactly 4 bits, making conversion easy

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18
Q

decimal 0 in binary

A

0000

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19
Q

decimal 1 in binary

A

0001

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20
Q

decimal 2 in binary

A

0010

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21
Q

decimal 3 in binary

A

0011

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22
Q

decimal 4 in binary

A

0100

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23
Q

decimal 5 in binary

A

0101

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24
Q

decimal 6 in binary

A

0110

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25
Q

decimal 7 in binary

A

0111

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26
Q

decimal 8 in binary

A

1000

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27
Q

decimal 9 in binary

A

1001

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28
Q

decimal 10 in binary

A

1010

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29
Q

decimal 11 in binary

A

1011

30
Q

decimal 11 in hex

A

B

31
Q

decimal 10 in hex

A

A

32
Q

decimal 12 in binary

A

1100

33
Q

decimal 12 in hex

A

C

34
Q

decimal 13 in binary

A

1101

35
Q

decimal 13 in hex

A

D

36
Q

decimal 14 in binary

A

1110

37
Q

DECIMAL 14 in hex

A

E

38
Q

decimal 15 in binary

A

1111

39
Q

decimal 15 in hex

A

F

40
Q

what do odd numbers in binary end in

A

1

41
Q

what do even numbers in binary end in

A

0

42
Q

a binary digit which has three 0s and one 1 is…

A

a power of 2

43
Q

no base notation, we assume

A

decimal

44
Q

0x base notation is for

A

hexadecimal

45
Q

& base notation is for

A

hexadecimal

46
Q

2_ base notation is for

A

binary

47
Q

n_ base notatioon is for

A

base n

48
Q

how to convert between binary and hexidecimal

A

group bits in 4s from right to left, pad with 0s if necessary, convert each group, add characters

49
Q

how many bits in 1 byte

A

8 bits

50
Q

how many different values can be represented in 8 bites

A

2^8=256

51
Q

hwo many bits in a halfword

A

16 bits

52
Q

how many bytes in a halfword

A

2 bytes

53
Q

how many bits in a word

A

32 bits

54
Q

how many bytes in a word

A

4 bytes

55
Q

how many bytes are in a kilobyte

A

2^10=1024

56
Q

how many bytes are in a mebibyte

A

2^20

57
Q

how many bytes are in a gigabyte

A

2^30

58
Q

place in order from smallest to biggest:

bit, mebi/megabyte, kilobyte, word, byte, halfword, gigabyte

A 
bit
byte
halfword
word
kilobyte
megabyte
gigabyte
59
Q

what are the two larger units used for data rates

A

1 kilobit

1 megabit

60
Q

how many bits in a kilobit

A

1000

61
Q

how many bits in a megabit

A

1000000

62
Q

how many kilobits in a megabit

A

1000 KiB

63
Q

how many kilobytes in a megabyte

A

1024 kB

64
Q

How many mega/mebibytes in a gigabyte

A

1024 MB

65
Q

how many unique values can be represented using a binary numeral system with 4 bits

A

2^4 = 16

66
Q

how many unique values can be represented using a binary numeral system with 12 bits

A

2^12 = 4096

67
Q

how many unique values can be represented using a hexadecimal numeral system with 4 digits

A

16^4

68
Q

how many unique values can be represented using a hexadecimal system with 6 bits

A

16^6

69
Q

in the arm architecture, what is the number of unique values that can be stored in a halfword

A

half word has 16 bits, 2^16

70
Q

in the arm architecture, what is the range of integers that can be stored in a halfword

A

half word has 16 bits, -2^16…..0…..2^16-1

71
Q

formula for the range of non negative integers can be stored in a n sized storage

A

0…….[(2^n -1)]

72
Q

how to find out how many binary digits are needed for decimal values

A

log_2(number) round ceiling

Intro To Computing (15 decks)

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