Binary, Hexidecimal, Bytes And Words Flashcards
Two states a memory location can be in
1 and 0
What does bits stand for
Binary digITS
What are bits
The fundamental unit of data storage in a computer
How many bits make up a byte
8 bits
What are bytes
The smallest addressable units of memory storage
To what base is the decimal number system
10
What are the digits in the decimal number system,
0-9
What is the most significant number in a number that contains multiple digits
The leftmost digit
What is the least significant digit in a number which has multiple digits
The rightmost digit (@x10^0)
To what base is the binary numeral system
Base 2
Why is the decimal numeral system to the base 10
Because there are 10 possible digits that we can use
Why is the binary numeral system to the base 2
Because there are 2 possible digits that can be used
how to convert a binary number to it’s decimal equivalent
for each digit, muktiply it by 2^x, x being the position it holds in the number
how to convert a decimal to its binary equivalent
divide by two and keep the remainder, keep dividing the answer by 2, read the remainders upwards
to what base is the hexidecimal numeral system
16
what are the 16 symbols in hexadecimal
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A.B.C.D.E.F
why is hexadecimal system useful
16 is a power of 2, so one hex digit corresponds to exactly 4 bits, making conversion easy
decimal 0 in binary
0000
decimal 1 in binary
0001
decimal 2 in binary
0010
decimal 3 in binary
0011
decimal 4 in binary
0100
decimal 5 in binary
0101
decimal 6 in binary
0110
decimal 7 in binary
0111
decimal 8 in binary
1000
decimal 9 in binary
1001
decimal 10 in binary
1010
decimal 11 in binary
1011
decimal 11 in hex
B
decimal 10 in hex
A
decimal 12 in binary
1100
decimal 12 in hex
C
decimal 13 in binary
1101
decimal 13 in hex
D
decimal 14 in binary
1110
DECIMAL 14 in hex
E
decimal 15 in binary
1111
decimal 15 in hex
F
what do odd numbers in binary end in
1
what do even numbers in binary end in
0
a binary digit which has three 0s and one 1 is…
a power of 2
no base notation, we assume
decimal
0x base notation is for
hexadecimal
& base notation is for
hexadecimal
2_ base notation is for
binary
n_ base notatioon is for
base n
how to convert between binary and hexidecimal
group bits in 4s from right to left, pad with 0s if necessary, convert each group, add characters
how many bits in 1 byte
8 bits
how many different values can be represented in 8 bites
2^8=256
hwo many bits in a halfword
16 bits
how many bytes in a halfword
2 bytes
how many bits in a word
32 bits
how many bytes in a word
4 bytes
how many bytes are in a kilobyte
2^10=1024
how many bytes are in a mebibyte
2^20
how many bytes are in a gigabyte
2^30
place in order from smallest to biggest:
bit, mebi/megabyte, kilobyte, word, byte, halfword, gigabyte
bit byte halfword word kilobyte megabyte gigabyte
what are the two larger units used for data rates
1 kilobit
1 megabit
how many bits in a kilobit
1000
how many bits in a megabit
1000000
how many kilobits in a megabit
1000 KiB
how many kilobytes in a megabyte
1024 kB
How many mega/mebibytes in a gigabyte
1024 MB
how many unique values can be represented using a binary numeral system with 4 bits
2^4 = 16
how many unique values can be represented using a binary numeral system with 12 bits
2^12 = 4096
how many unique values can be represented using a hexadecimal numeral system with 4 digits
16^4
how many unique values can be represented using a hexadecimal system with 6 bits
16^6
in the arm architecture, what is the number of unique values that can be stored in a halfword
half word has 16 bits, 2^16
in the arm architecture, what is the range of integers that can be stored in a halfword
half word has 16 bits, -2^16…..0…..2^16-1
formula for the range of non negative integers can be stored in a n sized storage
0…….[(2^n -1)]
how to find out how many binary digits are needed for decimal values
log_2(number) round ceiling
