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Biology💉📖📝 > Bimonthly > Flashcards

Bimonthly Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Is the science of naming and classifying organisms.

A

Taxonomy

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2
Q

A group of organisms in a classification system.

A

Taxon

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3
Q

Is a two-part scientific naming system.

A

Binomial nomenclature

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4
Q

Includes one or more physically similar species that are thought to be closely related.

A

Genus

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5
Q

The evolutionary history for a group of species.

A

Phylogeny

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6
Q

Is a common method to make evolutionary trees.

A

Cladistics

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7
Q

Is an evolutionary tree that proposes how species may be related to each other through common ancestors.

A

Cladogram

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8
Q

Are traits shared in different degrees by clade members.

A

Derived characters

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9
Q

Are models that use mutation rates to measure evolutionary time.

A

Molecular clocks

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10
Q

Is used to study closely related species.

A

Mitochondrial DNA

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11
Q

Is used to study distantly related species.

A

Ribosomal RNA

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12
Q

Includes single-celled prokaryotes in the kingdom bacteria.

A

Bacteria

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13
Q

Are single-celled prokaryotes

A

Archea

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14
Q

Is made up of all organisms with eukaryotic cells.

A

Eukaryal

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15
Q

Between low and high tide

A

Intertidal zone

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16
Q

From intertidal zone to continental shelf

A

Neritic zone

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17
Q

From neritic zone to base of continental shelf

A

Bathyal zone

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18
Q

Lies below 2000 m.

A

Abyssal zone

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19
Q

Which zone of the ocean has more biomass than any other zone?

A

Neritic zone

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20
Q

Is the difference in the physical traits.

A

Variation

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21
Q

The two types of plankton

A

Zooplankton and phytoplankton

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22
Q

Plankton make up most of the….

A

Biomass

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23
Q

Are found in warm waters.

A

Coral reefs

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24
Q

Coastal waters contain unique…

A

Habitats

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25
Q

Are found in cold, nutrient-rich waters.

A

Kelp forests

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26
Q

Are dynamic environments where rivers flow into an ocean.

A

Estuary

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27
Q

Is a region of land that drains into a body of water.

A

Watershed

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28
Q

Are among the most productive ecosystems.

A

Wetlands

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29
Q

Freshwater bodies are divided into how many zones?

A

3

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30
Q

What are the divided zones of the freshwater bodies?

A

Littoral zone, limnetic zone, and benthic zone

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31
Q

What affects the fossil fuel?

A

The biosphere

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32
Q

Is any undesirable factor added to the air, water, or soil.

A

Pollution

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33
Q

Is one type of air pollution

A

Smog

34
Q

Is caused by fossil fuel emissions.

A

Acid rain

35
Q

Slows the release of energy from Earth’s atmosphere.

A

The greenhouse effect

36
Q

Refers to the trend of increasing global temperatures.

A

Global warming

37
Q

Provide a sign of an ecosystem’s health.

A

Indicator species

38
Q

Can move up the food chain.

A

Pollutants

39
Q

Causes accumulation of toxins in the food chain.

A

Biomagnification

40
Q

What are the consumers most affected?

A

Humans

41
Q

What eliminates the loss of habitat?

A

Species

42
Q

Is one that is brought to an ecosystem by humans.

A

Introduced species

42
Q

Can have an environmental and economic impact.

A

Invasive species

43
Q

Meets needs without hurting future generations.

A

Sustainable development

44
Q

Global fisheries have adopted several sustainable practices, what are those practices?

A

Fishing bans

45
Q

Is the biological change process by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.

A

Evolution

46
Q

Is a group of organisms that can reproduce and have fertile offspring.

A

Species

47
Q

Classification system from kingdom to species

A

Linnaeus

48
Q

Species shared ancestors rather than arising separately.

A

Buffon

49
Q

More-complex forms developed from less-complex forms.

A

Edward Darwin

50
Q

Environmental change leads to use or disuse of a structure.

A

Lamark

51
Q

There are three theories of geologic change, what are those theories?

A

Catastrophism, gradualism, and uniformitarianism

52
Q

Is the prevailing theory of geologic change.

A

Uniformitarianism

53
Q

Is a difference in a physical trait.

A

Variation

54
Q

Is a is a feature that allow an organism to better survive in its environment.

A

Adaptation

55
Q

What found Darwin?

A

Fossils of extinct animals

56
Q

How can be classified the organisms?

A

On physical similarities

57
Q

Is the second part of a scientific name.

A

Species descriptor

58
Q

Linnaeus’ classification system has how many levels?

A

7

59
Q

What are those levels of Linnaeus’ classification by order?

A

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species.

60
Q

Modern classification is based on …

A

Evolutionary relationships

61
Q

Is a group of species that shares a common ancestor.

A

Clade

62
Q

Use mutations to estimate evolutionary time.

A

Molecular clocks

63
Q

Add up at a constant rate in related species.

A

Mutations

64
Q

What shows the tree of life?

A

Our most current understanding

65
Q

Is always a work in progress

A

Classification

66
Q

Only two kingdoms, Animalia and Plantae

A

Until 1866

67
Q

All single-celled organisms moved to kingdom Protista

A

1866

68
Q

Prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera

A

1938

69
Q

Fungi moved to own kingdom

A

1959

70
Q

Kingdom Monera split into kingdoms Bacteria and Archea

A

1977

71
Q

What are the three domains in the tree life?

A

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

72
Q

Are above the kingdom level.

A

Domains

73
Q

Domain Eukarya includes…

A

All eukaryotes(kingdom Protista, kingdom Plantae, kingdom fungi, and kingdom animalia)

74
Q

What is the name of the classification that is based on Linnaeus observations?

A

Linnaean system

75
Q

In the linnaean classification system we classify organisms based on what

A

Common physical conditions

76
Q

Science that names and classifies organisms:

A

Taxonomy

77
Q

In the name Tyto Alba, what is the genus?

A

Tyto

78
Q

What ancient language does binomial nomenclature?

A

Latin

79
Q

How do you call a group of organisms on a classification system?

A

Taxon

Biology💉📖📝 (23 decks)

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