BIG PICTURE B

Question 1

refers to the values, beliefs, customs, arts, and other products of
human thought and work that characterize the people of a given society.

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

assimilation to a different culture, typically the dominant
one.

Answer 2

Acculturation

Question 3

This process of learning the rules and behavioral patterns appropriate to one’s
society

Answer 3

Socialization

Question 4

is the process of adjusting and adapting to a culture other than
one’s own. It is commonly experienced by people who live in other countries for
extended periods, such as expatriate workers.

Answer 4

Acculturation

Question 5

represent a person’s judgments about what is good or bad, acceptable
or unacceptable, important or unimportant, and normal or abnormal. Values are the
basis for our motivation and behavior.

Answer 5

Values

Question 6

are ways of behaving and conducting oneself in public
and business situations. Some countries are characterized by informal cultures;
people treat each other as equals and work together cooperatively.

Answer 6

Manners and customs

Question 7

It affects people’s expectations
about planning, scheduling, profit flows, and promptness in arriving for work and meetings.

Answer 7

Perceptions of Time

Question 8

Cultures also differ in their perceptions of physical space. We have our own
sense of personal space and feel uncomfortable if others violate it.

Answer 8

Perception of space

Question 9

can be letters, figures, colors, or other characters that communicate
a meaning. For example, the cross is the main symbol of Christianity

Answer 9

Symbolic Production

Question 10

are artifacts, objects, and technological systems that
people construct to function within their environments. They are integral to human
life and provide the means to accomplish objectives as well as communicate and
conduct exchanges within and between societies.

Answer 10

Material Productions and Creative Expressions

Question 11

Cultural values, ideas, beliefs, traditions, and attitudes are passed from one
generation to the next through education.

Answer 11

education

Question 12

refers to the pattern of social arrangements and organized
relationships that characterize a society. It refers to how a society is organized in
terms of individuals, families, groups, and socioeconomic strata.

Answer 12

Social Structure

Question 13

In some societies, people’s social status is defined by
group or employer affiliation rather than by individual performance.

Answer 13

Reference group

Question 14

In most cultures, individuals are classified within classes
or social layers depending on their occupation, income level, or family history.

Answer 14

Social stratification

Question 15

refers to the ease with which a person can
move up within social strata.

Answer 15

social mobility

Question 16

Verbal Language

Answer 16

spoken communication

Question 17

is unspoken and includes facial expressions and
gestures. In fact, nonverbal messages accompany most verbal ones.

Answer 17

Nonverbal Communication

Question 18

being or a
system of thought that people consider sacred, divine, or the highest truth and
includes the moral codes, values, institutions, traditions, and rituals

Answer 18

religion

Question 19

is a belief system that encompasses various traditions
and practices, based on the teachings of the prophet Buddha.

Answer 19

Buddhism

Question 20

refers to whether a person
functions primarily as an individual or as part of a group. In
individualistic societies, each person tends to focus on his or her
own self-interest, and ties among people are relatively loose.

Answer 20

Individualism versus collectivism

Question 21

describes how a society deals with the inequalities
in power that exist among people.

Answer 21

Power distance

Question 22

refers to the extent to which individuals can
tolerate risk and uncertainty in their lives.

Answer 22

Uncertainty avoidance

Question 23

refers to a society’s orientation based
on traditional male and female values.

Answer 23

Masculinity versus femininity

Question 24

refers to the degree to
which people and organizations defer pleasure or gratification to
achieve long-term success.

Answer 24

Long-term versus short-term

Question 25

is the extent to which people try to
control their desires and impulses.

Answer 25

Indulgence versus restraint

Question 26

managers put more value on relationships
with people. To these managers, it is important to build trust and understanding and
get to know the other party in business interactions

Answer 26

relationship-oriented cultures,

Question 27

Although culture shapes behavior generally, it also plays a major role in crossborder business. Most companies have a distinctive set of norms, values, and
modes of behavior that distinguish them from other organizations

Answer 27

MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS OF CULTURE