Big Idea 2b

Question 1

What are the condensed states of matter?

Answer 1

Solids and Liquids

Question 2

What are the differences in densities of solids and liquids and gases?

Answer 2

Solids and Liquid densities are much higher than those of gases. Solids are rigid and hold their shape. Liquids conform to the shape of the bottom of the container their in.

Question 3

How do you describe the density of a gas?

Answer 3

Diffuse and compressible. Much more space in between the molecules. Particles will spread out evenly.

Question 4

What are Ideal Gases?

Answer 4

Gases that will behave ideally at sufficient high temperature and low pressures.

Question 5

What are the Kinetic Molecular Theory Postulates?

Answer 5

1. The atoms or molecules that make up a gas are in continuous, random motion
2. All collisions between gas particles are perfectly elastic (no energy is lost due to the collisions)
3. The pressure exerted by a gas is due to collisions of the particles
4. The volume of individual gas particles is negligable compared to the empty space between the particles
5. The temperature of a gas is a measure of the average kinetic energy particles.

Question 6

What are the four variables that can describe gases?

Answer 6

Pressure, Temperature, Volume, and number of moles

Question 7

What is pressure?

Answer 7

A measure of force exerted by a gas per unit area

Question 8

What are the equals to 1 unit of atmospheric pressure?

Answer 8

1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 101 kPa

Question 9

What is Kinetic Energy?

Answer 9

Energy of motion

Question 10

What is Temperature?

Answer 10

Measure of average kinetic enrgy

Question 11

Equation to determine Kelvin

Answer 11

K = ^oC + 273

Question 12

Equation for the kinetic energy of a single particle

Answer 12

KE = ½ mv²

Question 13

What is a Maxwell-Boltzman Curve?

Answer 13

The distribution of the speeds of particles in a sample

Question 14

What is the relationship between average velocity, temperature, and molar mass?

Answer 14

The average velocity of gas molecules increases with increasing temperature and decreases with increasing molar mass, M.

Question 15

What is diffusion?

Answer 15

The dispersal of gas particles throughout a container.

Question 16

What is effusion?

Answer 16

The escape of gas particles through tiny pores in a barreir from regions of higher pressure to regions of lower pressure.

Question 17

What is Graham’s Law?

Answer 17

Question 18

What is Boyle’s Law?

Answer 18

Relationship between Pressure and Volume, inversely proportional

Question 19

What is Charles Law?

Answer 19

Relationship between Volume and Temperature, directly proportional

Question 20

What is Gay-Lussac’s Law?

Answer 20

Relationship between Pressure and Temperature, directly proportional

Question 21

What is Avogadro’s Law?

Answer 21

Relationship between the number of moles of gas, n, and volume, directly pr

Question 22

What is the Ideal Gas Law?

Answer 22

PV = nRT

Question 23

What is Gas Density?

Answer 23

The density, D, of a gas is equal to the mass of gas that will occupy a given volume at a certain temperature

Question 24

What is the relationship between the number of moles and the mass.

Answer 24

Question 25

What are the substituted equations for molar mass, density, and number of moles?

Answer 25

Question 26

What is Daltons Partial Pressure Law?

Answer 26

P_total = P_A + P_B + P_C , the partial pressure of a gas is equal to the total pressure multiplied by the mole fraction