Big Hitters and stuff you've got wrong Flashcards
what is the treatment for ascites secondary to liver cirrhosis
spironolactone
what is the treatment for hepatic encephalopathy
lactulose
low saag indicates what
Low SAAG indicates a peritoneal cause of ascites, including tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal mesothelioma
high saag indicates what
A high SAAG suggests a non-peritoneal cause of ascites, such as cirrhosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, and nephrotic syndrome
what is the treatment for anterior uveitis
steroid eye drops with mydriatic eye drops
The steroid treats the underlying infection and the mydriatic eye drop dilates the pupil and reduces the pain
systemic steroids reserved for recurrent uveitis
what is the treatment for dystonia secondary to antipsychotics
procyclidine
how should you Start IV fluid resuscitation in children or young people
with a bolus of 20 ml/kg over less than 10 minutes
what investigation do you need to do before starting anti-TNFα
a chest x ray to look for TB since these drugs can cause reactivation
what antibiotic to treat human bites and animal bites
co-amoxiclav
what should you do if metformin is not tolerated due to GI side effects
try a modified-release formulation before switching to a second-line agent
what should you do with a patient’s oral analgesia if they switch to opiate PCA
stop all concomitant oral opiates but keep on things like paracetamol
how should you treat acute heart failure not responding to treatment 40m IV furosemide
CPAP
preceding influenza predisposes to pneumonia caused by which bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus
how do you treat an inguinal hernia in infants
The high incidence of strangulation necessitates an urgent herniotomy be performed
what is the potassium requirement in maintenance fluids
1 mmol/kg/day
what are the features of wernicke’s encephalopathy
CAN OPEN
Confusion
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Ophthamoplegia
PEripheral
Neuropathy
what are the criteria for urgent and elective EVAR
The three criteria for endoscopic vascular aneurysm repair surgery are:
• An asymptomatic aneurysm larger than 5.5 cm in diameter.
• An asymptomatic aneurysm which is enlarging by more than 1 cm per year.
• A symptomatic aneurysm. This is the only criteria, apart from emergency rupture, which requires urgent surgery rather than an elective procedure.
what is the correct position for women who have had a cord prolapse?
on all fours, on knees and elbows
what form of contraception is UKMEC 3 (not forbidden but advised against) for wheelchair users
Wheelchair users (as this woman is due to below waist paralysis), due to immobility, are at higher risk of DVT and PE than the general population, and that risk will be further increased by talking the COCP.
It is currently UKMEC-3, which means it’s not forbidden, just advised against.
what is the only contraindication to circumcision on religious grounds
Hypospadias is the only contraindication to circumcision in infancy as the foreskin is used in the repair
what is the treatment for a intertrochanteric (extracapsular) proximal femoral fracture
dynamic hip screw
how do you treat myxoedemic coma
Myxoedemic coma is treated with thyroxine and hydrocortisone
how do you treat thyrotoxic storm
Thyrotoxic storm is treated with beta blockers, propylthiouracil and hydrocortisone
for a diagnosis of PTSD how long do symptoms need to be present for
one month