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Old Testament > Bible & Canon > Flashcards

Bible & Canon Flashcards

1
Q

What does Canon mean?

A
  • originally meant “rule”
  • scripture was canonical if it met certain criteria or standards
  • differed depending on the community
  • use “canon” for other collections of material
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2
Q

What is the bible?

A
  • bible means “books” from Greek biblia
  • collection of books
  • authoritative & canonical
  • order, selection & name differ depending on community
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3
Q

Jewish

A
  • do not use (or appreciate) the term Old Testament
  • divided into 3 parts: Torah, Nevi’im and Ketuvim
  • arranged more chronologically
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4
Q

Jewish Canon (Tanakh)

A
  • Instruction, Prophets, Writings (TNK)
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5
Q

Christian - Catholic, Orthodox

A
  • share the Old Testament books (different order to Jewish)
  • addition of Deuterocanonical (Maccabees, Wisdom of Solomon)
  • addition of New Testament
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6
Q

Catholic Canon

A
  • pentateuch, historic books, poetic & wisdom, prophetic books
  • addition of deuterocanonical
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7
Q

Christian - Protestant

A
  • share the Old Testament books (different order to Jewish)
  • do not include the Deutero-canoncal books (protestants call these books “The Apocrypha” - a term not appreciated by Catholics)
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8
Q

Protestant Canon

A
  • pentateuch, historic books, poetic & wisdom, prophetic books
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9
Q

Canon formation

A
  • SLOW process
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10
Q

Canon formation - Torah

A

canonical status by end of the 5th cent BCE

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11
Q

Canon formation - Prophets

A
  • end of 3rd century BCE
  • “the law and the prophets”
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12
Q

Canon formation - Writings

A
  • 1st century CE
  • see Sirach (132 BCE) “the law, the prophets, and the other books”
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13
Q

Canon formation - New Testament

A
  • 50s-early 60s: Letters of Paul
  • late 60s-mid 90s: Gospels and Acts
  • 90s: Letters of John and Revelation
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14
Q

The Qumran Sect

A
  • two Bedouin shepherds discovered the scrolls in 1947
  • remains of a library of a Jewish sect or were they brought there for safe keeping from the Romans?
  • Essene hypothesis
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15
Q

The Dead Sea Scrolls

A
  • some of the oldest examples of biblical books
  • predate others by 1000 years
  • show a wide variety in translations and traditions (plurality in ancient Israel)
  • reveal a distinct form of Judaism that didn’t survive the Roman destruction of the temple in 70 CE
  • gives important background to the development of Christianity
  • especially the rise of apocalypses, messianism & eschatology
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Old Testament (10 decks)

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