BG5/6

Question 1

what are choanoflagellates (taxonomic rank)

Answer 1

taxon within the opisthokonta with fungi

Question 2

poriferan special features

Answer 2

1. ECM - metazoan specific molecule
2. have actin-myosin cell contraction, muscles?
3. gametes are formed from choanocytes and archeocytes
4. Sclerocytes make spicules which provide defence and structure

Question 3

what are placaoza - describe

Answer 3

bilayer of differentiated, ciliated cells, with a dorsal epithelium, cavity and vague mesenchymal/glya layer.

Question 4

porifer cleavage

Answer 4

undefined

Question 5

placazoa cleavage

Answer 5

?

Question 6

porifera larval development

Answer 6

indirect

Question 7

placozoan larval development

Answer 7

?

Question 8

placazoan and porifera symmetry and coelom?

Answer 8

no

Question 9

ctenophores special features

Answer 9

1. coloblast structures
2. specailised cells ctene/cone
3. aplical sense organ: concentration of ganglia
4. united mouth and anus

Question 10

cnidaria special features

Answer 10

1. symmetrical? radial, anthosoas,
2. Neuroblast cells, which have neurocysts and barbs, defence and attack.
3. mesoglea - sort of mesenchymal stuff, jelly like between ectoderm and gastroderm

Question 11

lca metazoa described

Answer 11

colonial ball
with dorsal ventral axis
placazoa like creature with gastrulation and mesoderm.

Question 12

ctenophore cleavage

Answer 12

undefined

Question 13

cniderian cleavage

Answer 13

unilateral

Question 14

larval development ctenophore

Answer 14

direct

Question 15

larval development cnidarian

Answer 15

indirect

Question 16

ediacara fauna what are they

Answer 16

kimbrella - most sophisticated
dickinsonia
mawsonites

Question 17

what are the ediacra

hypothesis

Answer 17

1. seperate clade vendobiota
2. terrestrial lichen, not marine at all
3. diploblast world = early diploblasts * fave
4. mollusc like creature, barnacel (not kimbrella)

Question 18

acoela cleavage

Answer 18

spiral, differs from lophotrochozoa spiral

Question 19

special feautres acoela

Answer 19

gut filled with parenchymal cells

no ECM

Question 20

lca eumetazoa mesoderm?

Answer 20

probs yes? says no, but acoela is yes. probs lost in xenoturbella

Question 21

acoela brain?

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

xenoturbella brain?

Answer 22

no

Question 23

ecdysozoa cleavage

Answer 23

not spiral

Question 24

ecdysozoa development

Answer 24

direct, shed cuticle

Question 25

lophotrochozoa larvae

Answer 25

trochophores

Question 26

lophotrochozoa

Answer 26

protosomes
schizcoely
mouth first.

Question 27

doushantou ??

hypothesis

Answer 27

1. big bacteria related on guilf - but nuclear envelope?
2. volvocine algae - get smaller as divide
3. holozoan protist, form spores
4. worm like thing - has everything; pharynx, mouth, anus, coelom, gut, bilateral symmetry. inorganic?

Question 28

cambrian explosion

Answer 28

525 mya

Question 29

burgess shale fossils

Answer 29

lagerstatte fauna
like lophotrochozoa but couldnt be indentified into an extant phyla
wiwaxia, haeikiera, odontogriphus

Question 30

distance calibtrated by fossils porifera and eumetazoa

Answer 30

750mya

Question 31

distance by fossils for cnidaria and bilateria

Answer 31

690mya

Question 32

distance fossils deuterostomes and lophotrocozoa

Answer 32

650mya