Beta Oxidation Flashcards
what are the basic chemical reaction types in beta oxidation
oxidation (FAD electron shuttle), hydration, oxidation, cleavage
where do fatty acids come from
glycerophospholipids, triglycerol (majority of FA source), free fatty acids
essential fatty acids?
omega 3 and omega 6 (count from opposite end of the COO end, and wherever the first saturation is is the number)
unsaturated cis vs trans
of bio origin are almost always cis, trans commercial sure doesn’t go rancid (oxidize as fast)
where is fat stored
liver and adipose tissue (reservoirs of long chain FAs) as triglycerols
what is the one tissue that doesn’t use FAs
brain
where does beta oxidation happen?
matrix of mitochondria
What is the first step of FA activation?
Thiokinase (three isozymes which depends on fatty acid length) catalyzes Adenosine from ATP to form intermediate within the cytosol
what transports the acy coA to the mito?
carnitine carrier protein
what inhibits carnitine from getting into the mitchondria
malonyl CoA
high glucose scenario regulation
glucose turned into acetyl CoA which produces malonyl CoA in lipogenesis which inhibits carnitine transporter so acyl-CoA doesn’t enter the mitchondria nd acetyle CoA not produced from the fats
synthesis in__________ and catabolism in _________
cytosol, mitochondria
high fat regulation
FFA turned into acyl-CoA which inhibits acetyle carboxylase (step in glycolysis that produces malonyl CoA)
what is the difference in unsaturated fat?
don’t do the first step, don’t produce the first FADH2 because the double bond already there
acetyl CoA
could leave mito by getting added to oxaloacetate to make citrate and get out of the cytosol or they can enter the CAC
starvation regulation
ketone bodies (brain and muscle) has more carbons rather than producing the ACetyle CoA but this can result in ketoacidosis because of acidic environment
starvation regulation
ketone bodies (brain and muscle) has more carbons rather than producing the ACetyle CoA but this can result in ketoacidosis because of acidic environment
whats the deal with SIDS
FA in liver disorder, enzyme deficient and baby can’t metabolize medium chain dietary and endogenous fatty acids; tx: frequent feeding high carb low fat)
carnitine deficiency
muscle weakness, fats can’t be broken down
