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Pharmacology 2 > Beta-Lactams from Cell Wall Synthesis Inh. and Incomplete Intro to Beta Lactams Pt 2 > Flashcards

Beta-Lactams from Cell Wall Synthesis Inh. and Incomplete Intro to Beta Lactams Pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Methicillin

A

penicillin/Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins (Anti-staphylococcal Penicillins)

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2
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

nafcillin

A

penicillin/Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins (Anti-staphylococcal Penicillins)

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3
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

oxacillin

A

penicillin/Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins (Anti-staphylococcal Penicillins)

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4
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Ampicillin

A

penicillin/Extended Spectrum Penicillins (± BLI combos)

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5
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

amoxicillin

A

penicillin/Extended Spectrum Penicillins (± BLI combos)

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6
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Piperacillin

A

penicillin/Extended Spectrum Penicillins (± BLI combos)

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7
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

Very narrow spectrum

A

Methicillin, nafcillin, oxacillin

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8
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

ticarcillin

A

penicillin/Extended Spectrum Penicillins (± BLI combos)

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9
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

Not used much

A

Methicillin, nafcillin, oxacillin

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10
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

emergence of MRSAs has essentially taken this drug off the table in terms of our choice (based on the video)

A

Methicillin

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11
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

linked to interstitial nephritis

A

Methicillin

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12
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

associated with neutropenia

A

Nafcillin

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13
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

Wider spectrum, still susceptible to B-lactamases

A

Ampicillin, amoxicillin

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14
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

Enhanced when used with clavulanate

A

Ampicillin, amoxicillin, ticarcillin

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15
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

In eneterococcal infections, _______ is complementary with aminoglycosides

A

ampicillin

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16
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

_________-gentamicin is commonly used because they work together

A

Ampicillin

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17
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

Strong activity against gram-negative organisms

A

Piperacillin, ticarcillin

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18
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

Complementary actions with aminoglycosides

A

Piperacillin, ticarcillin

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19
Q

piperacillin may be combined with _______ to produce a powerful effect against gram-negative organisms

A

tobramycin

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20
Q

Identify the penicillin/s:

Susceptible to penicillinases, used with tazobactam to limit resistance

A

Piperacillin, ticarcillin

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21
Q

Identify which beta-lactamase inhibitor is combined with:

amoxicillin

A

Clavulanic acid (amoxicillin-clavulanate)

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22
Q

Identify which beta-lactamase inhibitor is combined with:

ampicillin

A

sulbactam, clavulanate

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23
Q

Identify which beta-lactamase inhibitor is combined with:

piperacillin

A

Tazobactam

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24
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Cefalozin

A

First generation cephalosporins

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25
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

cephalexin

A

First generation cephalosporins

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26
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

more gram-positive active

A

Cefalozin, cephalexin
(First generation cephalosporins)

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27
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

Used in surgical infections

A

Cefalozin, cephalexin
(First generation cephalosporins)

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28
Q

T/F

a lot of infections come from skin surface agents and pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

F
Staphylococcus aureus

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29
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

Minimal effectiveness against gram-negative bacteria

A

Cefalozin, cephalexin
(First generation cephalosporins)

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30
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

prototypical agent for Second generation cephalosporins

A

cefotetan

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31
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

Will also work against Haemophilus influenzae

A

Cefotetan, cefoxitina, cefamandole, cefuroxime, cefaclor
(Second generation cephalosporins)

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32
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

commonly used in pneumonia treatment

A

cefuroxime

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33
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Cefotetan

A

Second generation cephalosporins

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34
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

cefoxitina

A

Second generation cephalosporins

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35
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

cefamandole

A

Second generation cephalosporins

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36
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

cefuroxime

A

Second generation cephalosporins

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37
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

cefaclor

A

Second generation cephalosporins

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38
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Ceftazidime

A

Third generation cephalosporins

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39
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

cefoperazone

A

Third generation cephalosporins

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40
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

cefotaxime

A

Third generation cephalosporins

41
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

ceftriaxone

A

Third generation cephalosporins

42
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

Even more active against gram-negative

A

Ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone
(Third generation cephalosporins)

43
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

go-to drug for 3rd generation agents, very good gram-negative agent

A

cefotaxime

44
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

Will often work against organisms that are resistant to penicillin

A

Ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone
(Third generation cephalosporins)

45
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

We only use these drugs in serious infections

A

Ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone
(Third generation cephalosporins)

46
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

In general, they are only available in intravenous form

A

Ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone
(Third generation cephalosporins)

47
Q

Identify the beta lactam class :

highly associated with rash and allergy

A

penicillins

48
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

prototypical agent of 4th generation cephalosporins

A

Cefepime

49
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

More resistant to B-lactamases

A

Cefepime, ceftaroline
(Fourth generation cephalosporins)

50
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

Effective against Eneterobacter, Haemophilus, Neisseria

A

Cefepime, ceftaroline
(Fourth generation cephalosporins)

51
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

4th generation cephalosporin which has activity in infections caused by methicillin resistant staphylococci

A

ceftaroline

52
Q

_____________ are less likely to cause rashes and allergic reactions than penicillins

A

Cephalosporins

53
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

PCN-G

A

penicillin/Penicillin A-Sensitive PCNs (Natural Penicillins)

54
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

PCN-V

A

penicillin/Penicillin A-Sensitive PCNs (Natural Penicillins)

55
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Dicloxacillin

A

penicillin/Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins (Anti-staphylococcal Penicillins)

56
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

similar to 3rd generation cephalosporins, with respect to a broad spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria

A

Ceftaroline, ceftobiprole (Fifth Generation)

57
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

have activity against gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA, as good as vancomycin and aztreonam

A

Ceftaroline, ceftobiprole (Fifth Generation)

58
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

Have activity in infections caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

A

Ceftaroline, ceftobiprole (Fifth Generation)

59
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

5th generation cephalosporin used for Community acquired pneumonia

A

Ceftaroline, ceftobiprole

60
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

5th generation cephalosporin used for hospital acquired pneumonia

A

Ceftobiprole

61
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

5th generation cephalosporin administered as Intravenous drug only

A

Ceftobiprole

62
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

5th generation cephalosporin that is not available in all countries

A

Ceftaroline

63
Q

Identify the cephalosporin/s:

5th generation cephalosporin that is not available in most countries yet

A

Ceftobiprole

64
Q

Identify the drug:

Resistant to B-lactamases

A

Aztreonam

65
Q

T/F
Aztreonam is not commonly used in clinical practice

A

T

66
Q

T/F
Aztreonam has activity against gam-positive drugs

A

F
no activity

67
Q

Identify the drug:

Binds to penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3)

A

Aztreonam

68
Q

Identify the drug:

Binds to penicillin-binding protein 2b (PBP2b) in MRSA

A

Ceftobiprole (5th gen cephalosporin)

69
Q

Identify the drug:

Adverse events
- GI upset
- Vertigo, headache

A

aztreonam

70
Q

T/F
aztreonam has no cross allergy with penicillins

A

T

71
Q

Identify the drug:

Powerful agents (gorillacillins)

A

Imipenem, doripenem, meropenem
(carbapenems)

72
Q

Identify the drug:

Broad-spectrum activity against gram positives, gram negatives, anaerobes, and Pseudomonas.

A

Imipenem, doripenem, meropenem
(carbapenems)

73
Q

Identify the drug:

Chemically unique, but still containing a B-lactam ring

A

Imipenem, doripenem, meropenem
(carbapenems)

74
Q

T/F
carbapenems have high susceptibility to penicillinases

A

F
low

75
Q

Identify the drug:

Very susceptible to renal dehydropeptidases

A

Imipenem, doripenem, meropenem
(carbapenems)

76
Q

carbepenem is Administered with _______ to inhibit renal dehydropeptidases

A

silastatin

77
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Imipenem

A

Carbapenems

78
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

doripenem

A

Carbapenems

79
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

meropenem

A

Carbapenems

80
Q

Identify the drug:

Bactericidal glycoprotein that binds to the alanine terminal of the peptidoglycan

A

Vancomycin

81
Q

Identify the drug:

Resistant organisms have an altered terminal will have decreased affinity for this drug

A

Vancomycin

82
Q

Identify the drug (non-cephalosporin):

Used for serious infections only

A

Vancomycin

83
Q

Identify the drug:

is a large molecule

A

Vancomycin

84
Q

T/F
vancomycin crosses the blood brain barrier

A

F
does not cross

85
Q

Identify the drug:

used intrathecally (if you have a spinal infection or brain infection)

A

Vancomycin

86
Q

Identify the drug:

Used orally for luminal infections of the gut

A

Vancomycin

87
Q

Identify the drug:

“Red man syndrome”

A

Vancomycin

88
Q

Identify the drug:

May cause phlebitis, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

A

Vancomycin

89
Q

severe cutaneous flushing from histamine release (not allergy)

A

“Red man syndrome”

90
Q

Identify the drug:

Used in topical treatment and decontamination syndromes

A

Bacitracin

91
Q

Identify the drug:

Used in staphylococcus colonization of the skin

A

Bacitracin

92
Q

Identify the drug:

Marked nephrotoxicity - not used parenterally or orally

A

Bacitracin

93
Q

Identify the drug:

Cyclic lipopeptide

A

Daptomycin

94
Q

Identify the drug:

For the treatment of VRE and VRSA

A

Daptomycin

95
Q

Identify the drug:

Monitor creatinine kinase during treatment

A

Daptomycin

96
Q

Identify the drug:

is myopathic

A

Daptomycin

97
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Aztreonam

A

miscellaneous (monobactam)

98
Q

Classify as penicillin (including type)/cephalosporin (including generation)/carbapenem/miscellaneous:

Vancomycin

A

miscellaneous

99
Q
A

Pharmacology 2 (2 decks)

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