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Pharmacology. 11. Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists. > Beta Adrenergic Agonists. > Flashcards

Beta Adrenergic Agonists. Flashcards

1
Q

What is a non-selective agonist?

A

A drug that can bind to beta-1 or beta-2 receptors.

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2
Q

What is the mode of action of isoproteronol?

A

It is a non-selective beta agonist.

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3
Q

What effects will isoproteronol have when it binds to beta-1 receptors?

A

Positive inotropic, dromotropic and chronotropic effects.

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4
Q

What are inotropic effects?

A

Effects that affect the strength of heart contraction.

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5
Q

What are dromotropic effects?

A

Effects that affect the speed of conduction in the heart.

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6
Q

What are chronotropic effects?

A

Effects that affect the heart rate.

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7
Q

What effects will isoproteronol have when it binds to beta-2 receptors?

A

Vasodilation.

Uterine relaxation.

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8
Q

Isoproteronol is used to treat what 2 conditions?

A

Bradycardia.

Heart block.

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9
Q

What are the side effects of isoproteronol?

A

Cardiac ischemia.

Arrhythmias.

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10
Q

Where do beta-1 receptors tend to be located?

A

In the heart.

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11
Q

Where do beta-2 receptors tend to be located?

A

In skeletal muscle.

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12
Q

What happens when beta-2 receptors in skeletal muscle are stimulated?

A

It leads to vasodilation.

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13
Q

What is the mode of action, therapeutic uses and sidea effects of dobutamine?

A

Affects beta-1 receptors in cardiac muscle.

Treats congestive heart failure.

Side effects. Increases AV conduction and leads to tolerance.

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14
Q

What happens when a drug increases tolerance?

A

If a drug is administered for a long time then the body down regulates receptors for that drug.

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15
Q

What is the major effect of dobutamine on the body?

A

It increases the muscular contractions of the heart without affecting the rhythm and this improves cardiac output.

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16
Q

Dobutamine is often given to what kind of patients?

A

Patients that suffer deficiencies in cardiac muscle.

Patients that suffer from congestive heart failure.

17
Q

What is congestive heart failure?

A

When blood remains in the heart after contraction.

18
Q

Bronchodilators will affect what kind of receptors?

A

Beta-2 receptors.

19
Q

What are the 3 beta-2 agonists that act as bronchodilators?

A

Metaproteranol.

Terbutaline.

Salbutamol.

20
Q

Which bronchodilator should not be given to animals with heart disease, hypertension or hyperthyroidism?

A

Terbutaline.

21
Q

What is the mode of action of clenbuterol?

A

It is a beta-2 agonist that leads to bronchodilation.

22
Q

Clenbuterol is given to what kind of animals?

A

Horses.

Ventipulmin.

23
Q

Clenbuterol is banned to give to what kind of animals?

A

Food producing animals.

24
Q

What is the mode of action of salmeterol?

A

It is a beta-2 agonist that leads to long lasting bronchodilation.

25
Q

Salmeterol is given to treat what conditions?

A

It is given to animals with asthma to help them deal with any attacks.

26
Q

What is the mode of action of isoxsuprine and what is it used for?

A

It is a beta-2 agonist.

It is used to treat laminitis/navicular in horses.

27
Q

How does isoxsuprine treat laminitis/navicular in horses?

A

It causes vasodilation in skeletal muscle blood vessels and this means more blood flows to the extremities.

28
Q

What is the mode of action of ritodrine and what is it used for?

A

It is a beta-2 agonist.

It relaxes the uterus and is used to arrest premature labour.

29
Q

What is the mode of action of ractopamine and what is it used for?

A

It is a beta-2 agonist.

It increases the leanness of muscle in food animals.

30
Q

Do you need to withdraw ractopamine from food animals before they are sent to slaughter?

A

No.

31
Q

What are the side effects of ractopamine?

A

Bloat.

Anorexia.

32
Q

What are the common side effects of beta-2 agonists?

A

Skeletal muscle tremors.

Pulmonary oedema.

Tachycardia.

Tolerance.

33
Q

What are the therapeutic uses of beta-1 agonists?

A

They are used to treat congestive heart failure.

34
Q

What are the therapeutic uses of beta-2 agonists?

A

Treatment of bronchial asthma.

Treatment of premature labour.

Treatment of navicular disease.

Use as a re-partitioning agent.

Pharmacology. 11. Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists. (7 decks)

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