Benzene

Question 1

Overall equation for nitration

Answer 1

C6H6 + HNO3 -> C6H5NO2 + H2O

Question 2

Why does benzene react with NO2+ but not Br2?

Answer 2

Benzene has very stable ring of 6 delocalised electrons which must be disrupted in order for it to react
Bromine is a weak electrophile with only an induced partial positive charge
NO2+ is strong electrophile due to full +ve charge and high electronegativity value

Question 3

Equation for regenerating catalyst in F-C acylation

Answer 3

AlCl4 - + H+ -> AlCl3 + HCl

Question 4

Uses of benzene derivatives

Answer 4

Nitrobenzene: manufacturing explosives
Phenylamines: manufacturing dyes and fabric conditioners
Phenylethene: manufacture of polystyrene
Phenylketones: manufacture of pharmaceuticals

Question 5

Type of reaction for adding NO2+ to benzene

Answer 5

Nitration