Benign Soft Tissue Tumors and Vascular Malformations Flashcards
What is a granular cell tumor?
Uncommon benign soft tissue neoplasm
What cells are a granular cell tumor derived from?
Derived from Schwann cells or neuroendocrine cells
Where are granular cell tumors most common?
Most common in the oral cavity and on the skin
What is the single most common site for granular cell tumors?
Tongue which accounts for 1/3 to 1/2 of all reported cases
Histopathologic features of granular cell tumor
Large polygonal cells
Abundant pale, eosinophilicm granular cytoplasm
Lesion is not encapsulated and appears to infiltrate the adjacent CT
Positivity for S-100 protein within the cells
Presence of acanthosis and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the overlying epithelium
Small vesicular nuclei
What condition can granular cell tumor be mistaken for histopathologically?
SCC
Tx for granular cell tumors?
conservative surgical excision
Recurrence for granular cell tumors?
recurrence is common
What is congenital epulis?
Uncommon soft tissue tumor
What population does congenital epulis often affect and what part of the body?
Occurs on the alveolar ridges of newborns
Clinical appearance of congenital epulis?
Polypoid mass
Tx for congenital epulis
surgical excision
recurrence for congenital epulis?
lesions have never been reported to recur
What is a hemangioma?
Benign tumors of infancy that display a rapid growth phase with endothelial proliferation, followed by gradual involution
When does a hemangioma arise?
during the first 8 weeks of life
How commin is hemangiona?
most common tumor of infancy
What is the most common location on the body for hemangiomas?
head and neck
What is the clinical appearance of hemangiomas at birth?
Fully developed hemangiomas are rarely present at birth although a pale macule with threadlike telaniectasias may be noted on the skin
How do superficial hemangioma tumors appear?
Superficial tumors appear raised and bosselated with a bright red color (strawberry hemangiomas) that is firm and rubber to palpation
How do deeper hemangioma tumors appear?
Deeper tumors may appear only slightly raised with a bluish hue
How long is the proliferative phase of hemangiomas?
6-10 months after which the tumor slows in growth and begins to involute and the color changes
Histopathologic features of hemangiomas?
Circumscribed cellular mass of vascular endothelial cells arranged in lobular aggregates
Form occasional indistinct vascular lumina
Well formed capillary sized vessels
Tx for hemangiomas
watchful neglect because despite rapid growth, regression usually occurs
Surgical resection is rarely warranted
What is the self resolution rate of hemangiomas?
50% of all hemangiomas resolve by age 5. 90% resolve by age 9
