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Dermatology > Benign Skin Lesions > Flashcards

Benign Skin Lesions Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What are benign congenital lesions

A

Strawberry Naevus / Haemangioma
Port Wine Stain - Naevus flammeus
Salmon patch - Naevus simplex

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2
Q

What is strawberry naves

A

Benign developmental vascular tumour (haemangioma)

Most common tumour of infancy

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3
Q

What is DDX

A

Vascular malformation

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4
Q

What are the features

A 
Present 2-3 weeks after birth
Oval / round shape
Well defined borders
Multi-lobed
Scarlet colour
Smooth or lobulated 
Max size reached within 3-6 months 
Common in upper eyelid with orbital extension, face, scalp and back
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5
Q

What do you get if 3+ lesions

A

Full body MRI

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6
Q

How do you Rx

A

Conservative as should resolve

Plastics may be needed to remove loose skin or fibro-fatty deposits

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7
Q

What are complications and how do you Rx

A

Obstruct visual feed
Bleeding
Thrombocytopenia
Ambylopia (lazy eye)
Astigmatism
If causing airway obstruction - may need tracheostomy
Intra-lesional steroid / BB will slow growth if going to obstruct

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8
Q

What is a port wine stain

A

Vascular malformation present from birth

Can be missed due to hyperaemia of neonate

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9
Q

What are features

A 
Light pink - dark red / purple 
Trigeminal nerve = most common region then upper trunk
Unilateral
Well defined age
Darkens and thickens with age
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10
Q

Does it regress

A

No

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11
Q

How do you Rx

A

Cosmetic camouflage

Lasers to destroy blood vessel under GA

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12
Q

What is salmon patch

A

Vascular malformation

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13
Q

What are the features

A 
Macular 
Dull pink colour 
Irregular border
Linear telangiectasia
Trigeminal distrubtion 
Most common on neck, eyed, forehead and nose
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14
Q

How do you Rx

A

Most fade after 1 month

Laser therapy if persist

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15
Q

What are sebaceous cyst

A

Epidermoid

Pilar

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16
Q

What are the features

A 
Encapsulated lesion containing fluid
Found under skin
Central pedunctum = Dx
Firm
Mobile 
Very common
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17
Q

Complications

A

Can rupture causing inflammation

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18
Q

How do you Rx

A

Excision

Ax / steroid if infected

19
Q

What is chondrodermatitis nodular helicus

A

Small inflamed hard painful nodule
Upper part of ear
Red / yellow
Crust and scale may form

20
Q

What should you do and why

A 
Biopsy to rule out
BCC
SCC
Keratocanthoma
Acitinic keratosis
21
Q

What causes

A

Unknown
Repeat damage to ear / trauma / cold exposure
More common in M and increasing age

22
Q

How do you Rx

A 
Reduce pressure on ear 
Ax if infected
Topical / intralesional steroid 
Cryotherapy
Laser therapy
Curettage and electrocauterization
Surgery if doesn't work
23
Q

What are seborrheic keratosis

A 
Benign epidermal skin lesions
Warty growth
Dry or sclary
Stuck on appearance 
Fleshy colour to light brown
24
Q

What do you often have

A

Multiple lesions +- cherry angioma

25
Q

How do you Rx

A

Conservative
Cryotherapy or curettage if troublesome
Can mimic melanoma so remove if suspect

26
Q

What is Laser-trelat sign

A

Abrupt onset of widespread seborrheic keratosis
Signify underlying GI adenocarcinoma
- DO OGD + biopsy

27
Q

What is a dermatofibroma

A 
Benign fibrous nodule
Firm
Pale pink or brown
Can be tender 
Tethered to skin
Mobile over fat so will dimple if squeeze
28
Q

How do you Rx

A

Excision if concern e.g. of melanoma

29
Q

What is a lipoma

A

Benign tumour of subcutaneous / fatty tissue

30
Q

What is very rare complication

A

Malignant transformation to liposarcoma

31
Q

What are features

A 
Smooth
Rubbery
Mobile
Painless
Felt or seen underneath the skin
32
Q

If painful what should you suspect

A

Angiolipoma

Liposarcoma

33
Q

How do you Dx

A

Clinical

Remove if uncertain or compressing structure

34
Q

What features are suggestive of liposarcoma requiring USS

A

> 5cm
Increased size
Pain
Deep anatomical lesion

35
Q

What is an angioma

A

Overgrowth of blood vessels in the skin

36
Q

What are types of angioma

A 
Spider naevi
Cherry haemangioma (Cambell de Morgan)
37
Q

What are spider naevi

A

Central red papule
Blanches
Surrounding capillaries
Usually upper part of body

38
Q

How do you differentiate from telangiectasia

A

Press and watch filling
Spider will fill from central
Telangiectasia fills from the edge

39
Q

What are Cambell de Morgan

A

Erythematous papular lesion
Non-blanching
1-3mm

40
Q

What are associations with spider naevi

A

Pregnancy
Liver disease
OCP

41
Q

How do you Rx

A

Excision

Laser

42
Q

What is a pyogenic granuloma

A

Rapidly enlarging red or brown growth at site of trauma or infection
Pedunculated mass
May bleed or ulcerate

43
Q

How do you Rx

A

Excision

Curettage and cautery if not related to pregnancy

Dermatology (12 decks)

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