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IHO 2 > Benign Leukocytoses > Flashcards

Benign Leukocytoses Flashcards

1
Q

Types of neutrophilia

A

Mature

Immature

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2
Q

Mature neutrophilia

A

Lots of segmented neutrophils

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3
Q

Immature neutrophilia

A

Lots of immature neutrophils

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4
Q

Causes of mature neutrophilia

A
  • Infection (bacterial)
  • Inflammation
  • Physiologic things (stress, hormones)
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5
Q

Toxic changes in neutrophilia (can occur in either type)

A
  • Seen only in infection!
  • Toxic granulation, Dohle bodies, cytoplasmic vacuolization.
  • Scariest: cytoplasmic vacuolization
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6
Q

Dohle bodies

A

Sky blue pieces in neutrophil cytoplasm. Probably represent RER

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7
Q

Immature neutrophilia causes

A

Inflammation, infection (bacterial), severe anemia, something filling up the marrow

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8
Q

Cytoplasmic vacuolization

A

Indication of very severe infections

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9
Q

Forms of immature neutrophilia

A
  • Left shift
  • Leukemoid reaction
  • Leukoerythroblastic reaction
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10
Q

Leukoerythroblastotic reaction causes

A

Due to something malignant or due to something benign

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11
Q

Normal immunophenotype in blood

A

T cells 80%. B cells 15%. NK cells 5%.

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12
Q

Causes of mature lymphocytosis

A

Infectious lymphocytosis
Bordetella pertussis
Transient stress

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13
Q

Infectious lymphocytosis

A

Can give a really high mature lymphocyte count

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14
Q

Causes of reactive lymphocytosis

A

Infectious mononucleosis
Pediatric viral infections
Viral hepatitis
Immune disorders

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15
Q

Best way to differentiate between benign neutrophilia from CML

A

Cytogenetics (looking for Philadelphia chromosome switch)

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16
Q

Left shift (benign)

A
  • May see toxic changes
  • Fewer immature cells
  • No basophilia
  • LAP normal/increased
17
Q

CML (malignant)

A
  • Super-high WBC
  • Lots of immature cells
  • Basophilia
  • LAP decreased
18
Q

Reactive lymphocytosis (benign)

A
  • Atypical lymphocytes

- Young (

19
Q

Mature lymphocytosis (benign)

A
  • Mature lymphocytes

- Very young (

20
Q

CLL (malignant)

A
  • Mature lymphocytes
  • Monomorphous!
  • ALWAYS IN OLDER PATIENTS (>40)
21
Q

Best way to differentiate benign lymphocytosis from CLL

A

Immunophenotyping

22
Q

Basophilia

A

ONLY IN CML

23
Q

Causes of Eosinophilia

A
  • Drugs
  • Asthma
  • Skin diseases
  • Parasites
24
Q

Causes of moncytosis

A
  • Infection
  • Malignancy
  • Autoimmune disease

IHO 2 (6 decks)

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