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NMS/Genitourinary Pathology > Benign Epithelial Lesions > Flashcards

Benign Epithelial Lesions Flashcards

Test 3

1
Q

What common morphologic alteration is grouped under Fibrocytic changes?

A

nonproliferative breast changes

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2
Q

What does the clinican call lumpy bumpy, the radiologist calls dense breast with cysts and the pathologist calls a benign histologic finding?

A

Non-proliferative breast changes

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3
Q

The term Nonproliferative indicates what?

A

NOT associated with Increased risk of breast cancer

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4
Q

Fibrocystic change is MC in what age group?

A

younger than 50

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5
Q

What change is hormone mediated and has calcifications detectable by mammography?

A

Fibrocystic change

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6
Q

What is fibrosis and cysts in the breast?

A

fibrocystic change

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7
Q

What are the clinical features of Fibrocystic Change?

A 
vague irregularity (lumpy breast)
usually in upper outer qudrant
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8
Q

What cysts contains turbid fluid with Brown or Blue color and often have a Blue-Dome appearance?

A

Fibrocystic change gross exam

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9
Q

What is the prognosis of fibrocystic change aka nonproliferative breast changes?

A

Benign; no increased risk of cancer

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10
Q

PROliferative breast disease W/O Atypia is what type of mammographic finding?

A

incidental in a biopsy done for other reason

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11
Q

What proliferative breast lesions are NOT commonly found in genetic changes?

a. epithelial hyperplasia
b. sclerosing adenosis
c. complex sclerosing lesion
d. all the above

A

all the above

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12
Q

What is a predctor of risk but unlikely to be one for carcinoma?

A

proliferative breast disease w/o Atypia

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13
Q

What incidental finding increase in # of luminal and myoepithelial cell types fill with distend ducts and lobules?

A

Epithelial hyperplasia

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14
Q

Normal breast ducts and lobules are lined by a double layer of what and luminal cells? What is this condition?

A

myoepithlial

Epithelial Hyperplasia

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15
Q

on occasion stromal fibrosis may completely compress the lumen to create the histologic pattern that mimics invasive carcinoma?

A

Sclerosing Adenosis

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16
Q

Acini compressed and distored in centeral portion of lesion and can come to attention as a palable mass, radiologic density and calcification?

A

Sclerosing Adenosis

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17
Q

What has involved termal duct lobular units enlarged, acini compressed and is distorted by dese stroma?

A

Sclerosing adenosis

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18
Q

What is Unlike carcinomas, the acini are arranged in a swirling patter, and the outer border is well circumscribed?

A

Sclerosing adenosis

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19
Q

Complex sclerosing lesions have components of sclerosing adensosis, papillomas and what?

A

Epithlial hyperplasia

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20
Q

What sclerosing lesion has “RADIAL SCAR”, is irregular in shape and closely mimics Invasive Carcinoma mammographically, grossly and histologically?

A

Complex sclerosing lesion

21
Q

What epithelial breast lesion has a 8 to 10 25-30% risk of developing invasive cancer over a lifetime?

A

women with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) or Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)

22
Q

Which of the following has the least likelihood of developing an invasive carcinoma?
A. nonproliferative breast changes (Fibrocystic changes)
B. Proliferative Disease without Atypia
C. Proliferative Disease with Atypia
D. Carcinoma in Situ

A

A. nonproliferative breast changes (Fibrocystic changes)

22
Q

Which of the following has the least likelihood of developing an invasive carcinoma?
A. nonproliferative breast changes (Fibrocystic changes)
B. Proliferative Disease without Atypia
C. Proliferative Disease with Atypia
D. Carcinoma in Situ

A

A. nonproliferative breast changes (Fibrocystic changes)

23
Q

D.. Intraductal Papilloma with its Large duct papillomas are situated in the lactiferous sinuses of the nipple and are usually what?

A

Solitary

24
Q

The large ducts of D. Intraductal papilloma are usually solitary but the Small ducts are commonly what and located where?

A

Multiple

deep w/in the ductal system

25
Q

48 yr old premenopausal women present w/Nipple Discharge and some bloody discharge d/t stalk torsion. What does this woman have?

A

D. Intraductal Papilloma
if samll palpable masses, Densities, and Calcifications seen on mammogram = Small duct
if only one mass in lactitary sinus = large duct

26
Q

What is enlargement of the male breast, Button-like subareolar enlargement, unilateral or bilateral and is a result of Imbalance of Estrogens and Androgens. This can appears when there is cause for HyperEstrinism.

A

Gynecomastia

27
Q

What has asmall increased rishk of breast cancer, caused by liver cirrohsis, drugs or KlineFelter syndrome (XXY karyotype).

A

Gynecomastia

28
Q

What condition is assocated with functioning testicular neoplasms such as lydig cell or stertoli cell tumors?

A

Gynecomastia

29
Q

What carries a 4-5 increased risk of later development of Invasive cancer and is found incidentaly in biopsies looking for calcifications?

A

Atypical Hyperplasia

30
Q

What are the two forms of Proliferative Disease WITH Atypia/atypical hyperplasia?

A

Ductal (ADH) and Lobular (ALH)

31
Q

The mc non-kin malignancy in women, second only to Lung cancer. What is it?

A

Carcinoma of the Breast

32
Q

What condition is caused by pyogenic organism Gonococcus?

A

Suppurative salpingitis

33
Q

Minute, 0.1- to 2-cm translucent cysts filled with clear serous fluid, can be large and found near the fimbriae or broad ligaments and may be referred to as Hydatids of Morgagni?

A

Paratubal cysts

34
Q

What is lined by benign serous epithelium, are presumed to arise in remnants of the müllerian duct and are of little significance?

A

Paratubal cysts

35
Q

What presents as an abnormal discharge, bleeding, or (occasionally) abnormal cells in a Pap smear and may be detected by a pelvic exam?

A

Primary adenocarcinoma (Rare)

36
Q

What condition is d/t hormone inmbalance LH:FSH (ratio >3), Increased risk for EndoMetrial carcinoma and multiple follicular cysts in the ovary?

A

Polycystic overian disease

37
Q

What condition as clinical features: obese yound women; Oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, infertility; and insulin resistance leading to Diabetes mellitus?

A

Polycystic Ovarian Disease

38
Q

What type of tumor is More likely to be benign in women <45yrs, median age of 61?

A

ovarian tumors

39
Q

what are the risk factors of ovarian tumors?

A

Genetic factors, excess estrogen esposure and Nulliparity

40
Q

Ovarian tumors arise from what 3 compoents?

A

Surface/fallopian tube epithelium and endometriosis
Germ cells
Stromal cells, including sex cords

41
Q

What is the MC group of ovarian tumors (70%)? What is the MC subtypes for this group?

A

a. Surface Epithelial Tumors

b. Serous, Mucinous and Enometrioid

42
Q

What is serous or mucinous, single cyst simple or flat lining and happens in premenopausal women 30-40 yrs?

A

Benign Tumors (cystadenoma)

43
Q

What has multiple complex cysts thick shaggy lining, invades into CT in POSTmenopausal women (60-70 yrs)?

A

Malignant Tumors (cystadenocarcinoma)

44
Q

What is the prognosis of Cystadenocarcinoma?

A

Generally poor

45
Q

What has a late presentation, ascites, vague abdominal symptoms and Needle aspirate – reveals clusters of malignant epithelial cells surrounding psammoma bodies?

A

Cystadenocarcinoma

46
Q

How is Cystadenocarcinoma spread? What is the serum marker for this condition?

A

locally, especially to Peritoneum

CA-125 to monitor treatment response and recurrence

47
Q

What tumor has the following types:

Cystic teratomaDysgerminomaYolk sac tumorChoriocarcinomaEmbryonal carcinoma

A

Germ Cell Tumors occurs in reproductive age women and 2nd mc type

48
Q

Yolk sac tumor and Non-gestational choriocarcinoma are tumors of what germ cell origin?

A

Embryonal carcinoma leading to Extra-Embryonic structures

NMS/Genitourinary Pathology (3 decks)

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