Benchmark #5

Question 0

What type(s) of point mutations will not cause a frame shift

Answer 0

Substitution

Question 1

What is the product of transcription

Answer 1

RNA molecules

Question 2

Which type of RNA transports amino acids to the ribosome

Answer 2

TRNA

Question 3

Where would an anti-codon be located

Answer 3

TRNA

Question 4

What is/are used to cut DNA in specific locations?

Answer 4

Restriction enzymes

Question 5

What did Watson and Crick discover?

Answer 5

The structure if DNA to be a double helix

Question 6

What does helicase do?

Answer 6

Unzips the DNA molecule

Question 7

Differences b/w DNA and RNA?

Answer 7

• ribose instead of deoxyribose
• singe not double stranded
• uses uracil in place of thymine

Question 8

What does mRNA do?

Answer 8

Brings instructions from DNA to the cytoplasm

Question 9

What does rRNA do?

Answer 9

Site where protein assembly happens (ribosomes are made of this)

Question 10

What does tRNA do?

Answer 10

Brings amino acids to rRNA for assembly

Question 11

What does transcription do?

Answer 11

Makes a mRNA copy of DNA

Question 12

Transcription: what unzips the DNA molecule?

Answer 12

RNA polymerase (enzyme)

Question 13

What are promoters?

Answer 13

Sequence of bases that tells RNA polymerase where to start transcription

Question 14

What is the purpose of DNA replication?

Answer 14

Copy DNA

Question 15

When in the cell cycle does this take place?

Answer 15

“S” phase

Question 16

Made of monomers called nucleotides? DNA or RNA?

Answer 16

DNA

Question 17

How many strands make up DNA?

Answer 17

2

Question 18

How many strands make up RNA?

Answer 18

1

Question 19

Passes on genetic info to offspring. (Heredity) DNA or RNA?

Answer 19

DNA

Question 20

Responsible for making proteins? DNA or RNA?

Answer 20

RNA

Question 21

Contained segments called genes? DNA or RNA?

Answer 21

DNA

Question 22

Goes through replication… DNA or RNA?

Answer 22

DNA

Question 23

Involved in transcription… DNA or RNA?

Answer 23

RNA

Question 24

Involved in translation… DNA or RNA

Answer 24

RNA

Question 25

What is the goal of transcription?

Answer 25

Make RNA

Question 26

Goal of translation?

Answer 26

Make protein

Question 27

Define restriction enzyme

Answer 27

Enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific location

Question 28

Goal of imbreeding?

Answer 28

Maintains desired traits

Ex.dogs

Question 29

Goal of gene therapy?

Answer 29

Kills diseases

Question 30

Use “recombinant DNA” and “transgenic organism” in a scentence!

Answer 30

Recombinant DNA is a mixture of the DNA of two different species and circles a transgenic organism.

Question 31

Cell growth occurs in?

Answer 31

Interphase

Question 32

Nuclear division occurs in?

Answer 32

Mitosis

Question 33

Chromosomes are distributed equally to daughter cells in?

Answer 33

Mitosis… Anaphase and telephone

Question 34

Chromosomes are duplicated in?

Answer 34

Interphase… “S” phase

Question 35

DNA synthesis occurs in?

Answer 35

Interphase… “S” phase

Question 36

Cytoplasm divides immediately after this period…

Answer 36

Mitosis

Question 37

Mitochondria and other organelles are made in?

Answer 37

Interphase

Question 38

What is the end product of mitosis?

Answer 38

Two diploid cells genetically identical

Question 39

The function of rRNA is to…

Answer 39

Form ribosomes

Question 40

RNA is produced during…

Answer 40

Transcription

Question 41

What are the two purines

Answer 41

Adenine

Guanine

Question 42

What are the two pyrimidines

Answer 42

Thymine

Cytosine

Question 43

The “backbone” of the DNA molecule is made up of two components? What are these?

Answer 43

Sugar

Phosophate