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Biology > Benchmark #5 > Flashcards

Benchmark #5 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What type(s) of point mutations will not cause a frame shift

A

Substitution

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1
Q

What is the product of transcription

A

RNA molecules

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2
Q

Which type of RNA transports amino acids to the ribosome

A

TRNA

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3
Q

Where would an anti-codon be located

A

TRNA

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4
Q

What is/are used to cut DNA in specific locations?

A

Restriction enzymes

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5
Q

What did Watson and Crick discover?

A

The structure if DNA to be a double helix

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6
Q

What does helicase do?

A

Unzips the DNA molecule

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7
Q

Differences b/w DNA and RNA?

A
  • ribose instead of deoxyribose
  • singe not double stranded
  • uses uracil in place of thymine
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8
Q

What does mRNA do?

A

Brings instructions from DNA to the cytoplasm

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9
Q

What does rRNA do?

A

Site where protein assembly happens (ribosomes are made of this)

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10
Q

What does tRNA do?

A

Brings amino acids to rRNA for assembly

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11
Q

What does transcription do?

A

Makes a mRNA copy of DNA

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12
Q

Transcription: what unzips the DNA molecule?

A

RNA polymerase (enzyme)

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13
Q

What are promoters?

A

Sequence of bases that tells RNA polymerase where to start transcription

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14
Q

What is the purpose of DNA replication?

A

Copy DNA

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15
Q

When in the cell cycle does this take place?

A

“S” phase

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16
Q

Made of monomers called nucleotides? DNA or RNA?

A

DNA

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17
Q

How many strands make up DNA?

A

2

18
Q

How many strands make up RNA?

A

1

19
Q

Passes on genetic info to offspring. (Heredity) DNA or RNA?

A

DNA

20
Q

Responsible for making proteins? DNA or RNA?

A

RNA

21
Q

Contained segments called genes? DNA or RNA?

A

DNA

22
Q

Goes through replication… DNA or RNA?

A

DNA

23
Q

Involved in transcription… DNA or RNA?

A

RNA

24
Q

Involved in translation… DNA or RNA

A

RNA

25
Q

What is the goal of transcription?

A

Make RNA

26
Q

Goal of translation?

A

Make protein

27
Q

Define restriction enzyme

A

Enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific location

28
Q

Goal of imbreeding?

A

Maintains desired traits

Ex.dogs

29
Q

Goal of gene therapy?

A

Kills diseases

30
Q

Use “recombinant DNA” and “transgenic organism” in a scentence!

A

Recombinant DNA is a mixture of the DNA of two different species and circles a transgenic organism.

31
Q

Cell growth occurs in?

A

Interphase

32
Q

Nuclear division occurs in?

A

Mitosis

33
Q

Chromosomes are distributed equally to daughter cells in?

A

Mitosis… Anaphase and telephone

34
Q

Chromosomes are duplicated in?

A

Interphase… “S” phase

35
Q

DNA synthesis occurs in?

A

Interphase… “S” phase

36
Q

Cytoplasm divides immediately after this period…

A

Mitosis

37
Q

Mitochondria and other organelles are made in?

A

Interphase

38
Q

What is the end product of mitosis?

A

Two diploid cells genetically identical

39
Q

The function of rRNA is to…

A

Form ribosomes

40
Q

RNA is produced during…

A

Transcription

41
Q

What are the two purines

A

Adenine

Guanine

42
Q

What are the two pyrimidines

A

Thymine

Cytosine

43
Q

The “backbone” of the DNA molecule is made up of two components? What are these?

A

Sugar

Phosophate

Biology (5 decks)

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