Benchmark 4 Flashcards
The most penetrating type of radiation
Gamma
Negatively charged particles emitted from a nucleus at high speen
Beta
The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to break apart
Half life
The process by which nuclei having low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses
Alpha
Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons
Isotope
Stopped by a piece of paper, a helium nucleus that is the weakest form of radiation
Alpha
The splitting apart of a nucleus of a larger atom into two smaller atoms
Fission
Group 18 inert do not form compounds
Noble gases
The most reactive group of metals
Alkali metals
Elements that form slats by combining with metals
Halogens
Includes oxygen and sulfur
Chalcogens
React to form bases found in minerals
Transition metals
Found on the stair step line part metal part nonmetal
Metalloids
What does the chemical symbol represent for an element
Name
This shows the number of element in a compound and how
Chemical formula
What do dot diagrams represent
Valence elements
What kind of chemical bond I’d formed when an equal exchange or transfer of electrons occurs
Ionic
Hold atoms together in a compound
Chemical bond
A group of covalently bonded atoms that acts together as one charges atom
Poly atomic ion
This is an abbreviation used for elements in chemistry
Chemical symbol
A chemical bond that occurs when atoms share electrons
Covalent
What is an insoluble compound that forms during a chemical reactions
Precipitate
Numbers that precede chemical formulas used to balance equations
Coefficients
H2o (l)
Liquid
Represent oxidation numbers or charges of ions
Superscripts
Dissolved in water (aq)
Aqueous
O2 (g)
Gas
The number of each type of atom in the compound is shown by these numbers
Subscripts
Na (s)
Solid
When two elements or compounds combine to make one large compound
Synthesis
When one element replaces another element in a compound
Single displacement
When a compound splits apart into smaller compounds or elements
Decomposition
When a carbon compound reacts with oxygen to form heat carbon dioxide and water
Combustion
When an element gains electrons
Reduction
When an element loses electrons
Oxidation
When two slats react break apart and recombine to make two new compounds
Double displacement
When a strong acid reacts with. A strong base to produce water and salt
Acid base neutralization
Sodium chloride
NaCl
Mg(NO3)2
Magnesium nitrate
The sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound
Zero
The mass of the products must equal the mass of the reactants
Law of conservation of mass
The particles of matter the make up protons and neutrons
Quarks
Copper (2) sulfate
CuSO4
Br2 i2 n2 cl2 h2 o2 f2
Diatomic molecules
The only metal that is a liquid at room temperature
Mercury
A+b= ab
Synthesis
A + bc = ac + b
Single displacement
Abc = bc + a
Decomposition
Ab + cd = ad + cb
Double displacement
A _____ chemical equation has the same number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation
Balanced
Each substance on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation is a
Reactant
The energy required to break the original bonds is less than the energy release when new bonds for in an
Exergonic
If heat must be added to a chemical reaction for the reaction to take place the reaction is
Endothermic
What type of reaction is shown in the following chemical equation
NH3+HCL=NH4CL
Synthesis
Which of the could represent a decomposition reaction
Compound = element. And element
In a chemical equation the symbol that means dissolved in water is
(Aq)
When one elect replaces another elect in a compound the reaction is a ___ reaction
Single displacement
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being per mantle changed itself is a
Catalyst
The breaking down of a substance into two or more simpler substances is
Decomposition
Each substance to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation is a
Product
Substances that prevent or slow down chemical reactions is called
Inhibitors
A chemical reaction in which heat is released is
Ectothermic
Numbers that precede Sybil’s in a chemical equation are
Coefiicients
According to. The law of c mass how does the mass of the products in a chemical reaction compare to the mass of the reactants
Masses are equal
What is an insoluble compound that forms during a chemical reaction
Precipitate
A chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine to form another substance is called a
Synthesis reaction
The burning of wood in a campfire that produces heat and light would be both __ and an ___ reaction
Exergonic. Exothermic
When most chemicals reactions take place some ___ in the reactants must be broken a process that requires energy
Chemical bonds
Copper (2)sulfate plus iodide yields copper (2) iodide plus sodium sulfate is represented by which balanced equation
CuSO4. 2 NaI = Na2SO4. CuI2
Jackals do
Laid deck
Skis did
Kind side
