bells palsy

Question 1

pathway of the facial nerve

Answer 1

convoluted course, which runs from the skull base, within the middle ear cavity and temporal bone, to emerge via the stylomastoid foramen and then within the substance of the parotid gland.

Question 2

Most appropriated options for examination

Answer 2

otoscopy

palpation of the parotid gland

movement of the facial muscles

Question 3

UMN lesion of facial nerve features

Answer 3

typically sparing of frontal muscle weakness, leading to paralysis of all facial muscles except those that raise the eyebrows.

Question 4

LMN lesion of facial nerve features

Answer 4

complete pareses of all peripheral branches.

Question 5

what is heefrorts syndrome

Answer 5

rare manifestation of sarcoidosis

Question 6

characteristics of heerforts

Answer 6

presence of facial nerve palsy, parotid gland enlargement, anterior uveitis, and low grade fever.

Question 7

LMNs involving the facial nerve

Answer 7

mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid

bells palsy

heerforts syndrome

Question 8

RFs of bells palsy

Answer 8

diabetes
recent URTI
pregnancy

Question 9

FN

Answer 9

responsible for lacrimation.

stapedius muscle

The intrinsic muscles of the tongue receive their motor innervation via the hypoglossal nerve.

Question 10

what is the schirmers test

Answer 10

identify facial nerve lesions in relation to the geniculate ganglion.