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Beliefs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 Articles of Faith in Sunni Islam?

A
  1. Tawhid (the oneness of God)
  2. Malaikah (angels)
  3. Kutub (books)
  4. Risalah (prophets)
  5. Al-Qadr (predestination)
  6. Akhirah (Day of Judgement)
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2
Q

What is Tawhid?

A

The belief in one God who is not divided into parts - strict monotheism

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3
Q

What is malaikah?

A

The belief that angels are spiritual beings, created from light and believed to act as messengers of Allah

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4
Q

What is kutub?

A

Texts that contains the revelations received by the prophets.

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5
Q

What is risalah?

A

The belief that prophets are an important channel of communication between Allah and humans, and that each prophet is divinely chosen and has their own message.

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6
Q

What is al-Qadr?

A

The belief that Allah knows or determines everything that will happen in the universe.

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7
Q

What is akhirah?

A

Afterlife. A day in the future where Allah will judge humans on their deeds. Humans will be resurrected and sent to Jannah or Jahannam for eternity based on their deeds.

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8
Q

What is a quote for Tawhid?

A

“Say, ‘He is God the One, God the eternal.” -Surah 112

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9
Q

What is a quote for malaikah?

A

“Praise be to God… who made angels messengers with two, three, four [pairs of] wings.” -Qur’an 35:1

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10
Q

What is a quote for kutub?

A

“We sent Jesus, son of Mary, in their footsteps to confirm the Torah had been sent before him: We gave him the Gospel with guidance, light, and confirmation of the Torah.” -Qur’an 5:46

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11
Q

What is a quote for risalah?

A

“Every community is sent a messenger, and when their messenger comes, they will be judged justly; they will not be wronged.” -Qur’an 10:47

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12
Q

What is a quote for al-Qadr?

A

“Only what God has decreed will happen to us…” -Qur’an 9:51
“No soul may die except with God’s permission at a predestined time.” -Qur’an 3:145

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13
Q

What is a quote for akhirah?

A

“They ask, ‘when is this Judgement Day coming?’ On a Day when they will be punished by the Fire… the righteous will be in Gardens with [flowing] springs.” -Qur’an 51:12-15

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14
Q

What are the five roots of Usul ad-Din in Shi’a Islam?

A
  1. Tawhid (the oneness of God)
  2. Risalah (prophets)
  3. Imamate (divinely-appointed leaders)
  4. Adalat (divine justice)
  5. Mi’ad (Day of Resurrection and judgement)
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15
Q

What isr imamate?

A

The belief in divinely-appointed leaders from the descends of Muhammad. They guard the truth of the religion without error and helped to interpret the Qur’an.

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16
Q

What is a quote for imamate?

A

“And I am leaving among you… the members of my household, I remind you of Allah with regards [to your duties] to the members of my family.” -Hadith

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17
Q

What is adalat?

A

The belief that Allah is just and fair and that, when He judges humans, he will base it on their behaviours, reward the good and punish the bad.

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18
Q

What is a quote for adalat?

A

“When they see the punishment, they will repent in secret, but they will be judged with justice and not be wronged.” -Qur’an 10:47

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19
Q

What is mi’ad?

A

Muslims believe that they will be resurrected from the dead on the Day of Resurrection, then judged by Allah on the Day of Judgement. This is the start of the afterlife (akhirah)

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20
Q

What is a quote for mi’ad?

A

“We [God] will set up scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection so that no one can be wronged in the least…” -Qur’an 21:47

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21
Q

What are the same between the Six Articles of Faith and Five Roots of Usul ad-Din?

A
  1. Tawhid
  2. Risalah
  3. Day of Judgement (Shi’a: mi’ad, Sunni: akhrah)
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22
Q

What 3 Articles are only in Sunnism?

A

Kutub, malaikah, al-Qadr

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23
Q

What 2 Roots are only in Shi’ism?

A

Imamate, adalat

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24
Q

What does Surah 112 say?

A

“Say, ‘He is God the One, God the eternal. He begets no one nor was he begotten. No one is comparable to Him.”

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25
Surah 112: what does "He is God the One" tell us?
Allah is strictly One.
26
Surah 112: what does "God the eternal" tell us?
He has always existed and will always exist.
27
Surah 112: what does "He begets no one, nor was he begotten" tell us?
He was not born, nor does He have children
28
Surah 112: what does "no one is comparable to Him" tell us?
He is completely unique. Also, He is beyond human understanding.
29
What is omnipotence?
The belief that Allah is all-powerful.
30
What is mercy?
Allah shows compassion and forgiveness when humans do wrong.
31
What is beneficence?
Allah is kind and all-loving.
32
What is justice? (Adalat in Shi'ism)
Allah is just and does not oppress anyone. He will ensure humans get what they deserve when they are judged.
33
What is fairness?
Allah is fair and will treat humans kindly.
34
What is a quote for omnipotence?
1. "all power belongs to God." -Qur'an 2:165 2. "know that God is all-powerful and wise." -Qur'an 2:260
35
What is a quote for beneficence?
"Ask forgiveness from your Lord, and turn to Him in repentance: my Lord is merciful and most loving." -Qur'an 11:90
36
What is a quote for mercy?
1. "If you do good, openly or in secret, or if you pardon something bad, then God is most forgiving and powerful." -Qur'an 4:149 2. "...for God is most compassionate and merciful towards people." -Qur'an 2:143
37
What is a quote for fairness?
"On the day of resurrection... every soul will be paid in full for what it has done. He knows best what they do." -Qur'an 39:67-70
38
How many names of Allah are there?
99
39
What is immanence?
The belief that Allah is involved with His creation. He knows and has a relationship with humans.
40
What is a quote for immanence?
"He will guide the heart of anyone who believes in Him." -Qur'an 64:11
41
What is transcendence?
The belief that Allah exists beyond His creation and beyond human understanding. He has always existed and always will exist.
42
What is a quote for transcendence?
"His throne extends over the Heavens and the Earth; it does not weary Him to preserve them both." -Qur'an 2:255
43
What is believed about angels and sin?
Angels do not have free will as humans do so cannot sin.
44
Who is the Angel of Death?
Isra'il
45
Who are Raqib and Atid?
Angels who write down our good and bad deeds.
46
Who is angel Jibril?
Angel Gabriel - the *angel of revelation.*
47
What are 2 things that Jibril revealed to humans?
1. The Qur'an, starting on the Night of Power to Muhammad. 2. Told Maryam (Mary) that she was pregnant with Isa (Jesus)
48
Who is Mika'il?
Michael - the Angel of Mercy.
49
What does Mika'il do?
Asks Allah to forgive human sins, rewards humans for good deeds and controls rain, thunder and lightning.
50
What is a quote about Jibril and Mika'il or malaikah/angels?
"If anyone is the enemy of God, His angels and His messengers, of Gabriel and Michael, then God is certainly the enemy of such disbelievers." -Qur'an 2:98
51
What does Angel Isra'il do?
Take souls to barzakh (barrier) where they wait until the Day of Judgement
52
What does Angel Israfil do?
Blows a trumpet at the Day of Judgement.
53
What are 2 contrasting Muslim beliefs about resurrection?
1. Some Muslims believe in a *full body* resurrection 2. Others only believe in the resurrection of the soul
54
What do Muslims believe they will be judged on?
Their deeds, and intentions
55
What is niyyah?
Intentions - humans will be judged for what they planned to do, but didn't complete
56
When do Muslims go to Jannah?
If a person's good deeds outweigh their bad deeds
57
What is a quote about Jahannam?
"But those whose scales are light, they will have doomed themselves, staying in Hell forever." -Qur'an 23:103-104
58
What is Akhirah?
Afterlife
59
What is risalah?
The belief in then importance of prophets
60
How many prophets are there believed to be?
124,000
61
How many prophets are named in the Qur'an?
25
62
Who was the first prophet?
Adam
63
Who was the final prophet?
Muhammad
64
What is a quote about risalah?
"Every community will be sent a messenger, and when their messenger comes, they will be judged justly; they will not be wronged." -Qur'an 10:47
65
Name 3 reasons why prophets are important.
1. Role models of being a good Muslim 2. Method of communication between Allah and humanity 3. They are believed to be error-free and sinless 4. They help to bring people back to the right path 5. Some received revelations that went on to become Holy Books
66
How does the Qur'an say Adam was created?
He was made from clay and had life breathed into him by Allah
67
How is the story of Adam and Eve different in Islam?
After eating the fruit in Paradise, Adam asked for forgiveness. He was forgiven and there were no further consequences.
68
Who is believed to have built the first Ka'aba?
Adam
69
Why were Adam and Eve sent to Earth?
To look after Allah's creation as stewards
70
What did Ibrahim do?
Stood up to polytheist idol worshippers in the face of violence
71
How did the well of Zam Zam come to be?
1. Ibrahim followed Allah's orders to leave his wife Hagar and baby in the desert 2. Hagar ran to look for water - Angel Jibril revealed the well of Zam Zam to her
72
What is the origin story of Eid-al-Adha?
1. Allah asked Ibrahim to sacrifice his son Ishmael 2. The devil tried to tempt him - he threw stones at him 3. When he looked down, his son was stood next to him and he had sacrificed a ram instead
73
Who do some Muslims believe rebuilt the Ka'aba?
Ibrahim and Ishmael
74
What does the Qur'an say about Ibrahim?
"Ibrahim was truly an example: devoutly obedient to God and true in faith." -Qur'an 16:120
75
What is the Sunnah?
The guidance of Prophet Muhammad - the way he lived his life
76
What is the Hadith?
The guidance of Prophet Muhammad - the things he said
77
When did the Islamic calendar start?
When Muhammad fled to Medina from Mecca on the Hijrah.
78
What was the Night of Power?
When Muhammad received the first revelation of the Qur'an from Angel Jibril
79
What are the five Holy Books in Islam?
1. Qur'an 2. Tawrat (Torah) 3. Zabur (Psalms) 4. Injil (Gospels) 5. Sahifah (Scrolls of Abraham)
80
What prophet is Tawrat associated with?
Musa (Moses)
81
What prophet is Zabur associated with?
Dawud (David)
82
What prophet is Injil associated with?
Isa (Jesus)
83
What prophet(s) is Sahifah associated with?
Ibrahim and Musa
84
What does the Qur'an contanin?
Teachings, stories, history and teachings of Islam - guide
85
What does the Tawrat contain?
Teachings and laws of how people should live - e.g: the Ten Commandments
86
What do Muslims believe about the Jewish Torah?
It has been corrupted over time
87
What does Zabur contain?
Prayers and poems used for worship
88
What does Injil contain?
Teachings of Jesus - believed He predicted the coming of the Prophet Muhammad
89
What are the Scrolls of Abraham?
First Holy Book in Islam
90
What denomination believes in Imamate?
Sh'ia
91
Who do Sunnis believe should have succeeded Muhammad?
Abu Bakr
92
Who do Sh'ias believe should have succeeded Muhammad?
Ali - Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law
93
Why did Shi'as believe Ali should be Caliph?
1. Muhammad had appointed him by divine instruction 2. The leadership should follow Ahl-ul-Bayt - family line
94
What is the Imamate?
The divine appointment of the Imams
95
Why do Shi'as believe Imams are needed?
Divine guidance on how to live correctly - preserve and explain scripture
96
What does Twelver Shi'ism teach?
That there have been 12 Imams in total
97
What is believed about the Twelfth Imam?
He is kept in hiding by Allah and will return
98
What is a quote that can be as interpreted as talking about Imams?
"I am putting a successor on Earth." -Qur'an 2:30
99
Give 3 beliefs about the characteristics of Imams.
1. Infallible (free from error and sin) 2. Role models of good Muslims 3. Maintain/interpret Qur'an and Sharia law without fault 4. Receive divine inspiration 5. Protect teachings of Muhammad 6. Representatives of Allah 7. Look after religious and secular affairs
100
What do Sunnis believe about Imamate?
They are not divinely appointed leaders

RE - Islam (2 decks)

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