Behaviourists Flashcards
Define behaviourist approach
Explaining behaviour in terms of observation in terms of learning
Define classical conditioning
Learning by association, two stimuli are repeatedly paired together.
Neutral stimuli shows same response as unlearned stimuli
Define operant conditioning
Form of learning in which behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences
3 possible consequences
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Punishment
Define positive reinforcement
Increases the probability that the behaviour will be repeated because it’s pleasurable
Define negative reinforcement
Increase Probability of behaviour will be repeated because it will be an escape from an unpleasant situation
Define punishment
A procedure that decrease the likelihood of the behaviour being repeated due to an unpleasant situation
Behaviourists interests
Only interested in studying behaviour that can be observed and measured
What do behaviourists not study
Mental processes
What experiment was Pavlov
Classical conditioning
What did pavlov’s experiment find
Dogs can be conditioned to salivate to the sound of a bell if it was pressed at the same time as the appearance of food
What did Pavlov show
How a neutral stimulus can learn a response through association
What was skinners experiment
Designed boxes for rats, if the rat activated a lever it was rewarded with a food pallet.
What did skinner find out
That behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences.
What kind of experiment was skinners
Operant conditioning
