Behaviourist AO3 Flashcards
What are the three A03 PEELS for the behaviourist approach
Strength - prac apps
Weakness - reductionist
Weakness - deterministic
P
(prac apps)
Strength - prac apps
E
Principles of the theory, that bhv is caused by C.C has led to s.d treatment.
E
Effective in treating phobias. Works by helping indv to unlearn their maladaptive ass to a phobic stimulus by gradually exposing them to their phobia whilst applying relaxation techniques.
L
Therefore the bhvst exp i.a.i.p.o.a.p as it helps to treat ppl in the real world
P
(Reductionist PEEL)
Weakness - env reductionism
E
Coz approach reduces complex human bhv down to simple basic units e.g learning thru S,R and A (C.C) or rewards and reinforcements (O.C)
E
This neglects the holistic appr, which would take into acc how a persons culture and social context would infleunce and exp human bhv.
L
Therefore the bhvst exp of human bhv may lack validity as it does not allow us to understand the bhv in context
P
(Deterministic PEEL)
Weakness - bhvst exp can be criticised for env determinism
E
Coz approach says an indv is controlled by external factors like learning thru S, R and A (C.C) or being rewarded for a bhv (O.C) that inevitably cause bhv.
E
This neglects the choices and free will that individuals have and could leave them feeling like they have no control over their bhv.
L
Limiting the bhvst exp of human bhv
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assumption - all bhv is learnt from env so can be unlearnt e.g s.d
feature 1 - define c.c (pavlov exp how bhv is learnt from stimulus,
association and response) (NS + UCS = UCR, if this is repeated , indv will learn to associate NS + UCS, so then NS = CS that becomes a CR as it is now learnt) (pavlovs study with dogs - he showed dogs could be conditioned to salivate to the sound of a bell. UCS - food, UCR - salivation, NS - bell. pavlov presented dogs with just food first and then repeated process of association of dogs presented with food but ringing a bell at the same time, dogs learnt to ass food UCS with bell noise NS, bell = CS causing CR of salivation.
feature 2 - define o.c (consequence - rewards + punishment) (skinner showed importance of reinforcements = inc likelihood of bhv and punishments - decr likelihood of bhv)
(pos reinf - rewarded for bhv, bhv is encouraged so bhv is repeated to gain same reward - everytime rat pressed lever it was rewarded with food, repeated as it was conditioned/learnt to press lever + get same reward. real life e.g infants cry, get fed.
(neg reinf - repeating bhv to avoid an unpleasant/neg consequence, when rat pressed lever, electrical current in floor was removed as it caused rat discomfort, bhv was repeated as it had learned to press lever to avoid neg/unpleasant consequence of pain
(punishment - receiving unpleasant consequence for bhv so it is stopped)
A03
prac apps - PCT - c.c - led to S.D - treats phobias - unlearning maladaptive bhv using gradual exposure + relaxation techniques - link
env reductionist - REDUCES COMPLEX HUMAN BVHV down due to simple basic units of s,r and a or reinforcements and punishments - neglects holistic - takes account of social + cultural context - into inf + exp human bhv - lacks validity - doesnt allow us to und bhv in context
env determinism - SAYS INDV IS CONTROLLED by ext factors like s, r and a that inevitably cause bhv - neglects choice of f.w + own bhv - feeling like they hav no control over bhv - limiting bhvst exp
