Behaviourist and Learning Approach

Question 1

key assumptions

Answer 1

1. behaviour is a learned response from environmental stimuli
2. behaviour can be learned from observation and imitation.

Question 2

define classical conditioning

Answer 2

creating a new association between an old and new stimulus

Question 3

Role of unconditioned stimulus

Answer 3

a stimulus that leads to an automatic response

Question 4

Define unconditioned response

Answer 4

an unlearned response that occurs naturally in reaction to the unconditioned stimulus

Question 5

Define neutral stimulus

Answer 5

a stimulus that doesn’t trigger any response at first

Question 6

Define conditioned stimulus

Answer 6

a previous neutral stimulus

Question 7

Define conditioned response

Answer 7

the learned response to the previously neutral stimulus

Question 8

Define operant conditioning

Answer 8

a process where you learn doing tasks for a reward and avoiding punishments

Question 9

Learning by consequences

Answer 9

consequences that push you to perform the task right

Question 10

Role of positive reinforcement

Answer 10

the addition of a reinforcing stimulus following a behaviour

Question 11

Role of negative reinforcement

Answer 11

the removal of something negative to strengthen a behaviour

Question 12

negative punishment

Answer 12

Taking away something good to reduce the reoccurence of regular behaviour

Question 13

Define motivation - extrinsic and intrinsic rewards

Answer 13

Intrinsic motivation - performing a task because you get a reward
Extrinsic motivation - completing a task to avoid punishment and to just get it done

Question 14

Define social learning theory

Answer 14

Social behaviour that is learned by observing and imitating the behaviour of others

Question 15

Learn through observation and imitation

Answer 15

Imitation - copying the models behaviour

Observation - only watching the model who is doing the action

Question 16

Learn through modelling and vicarious learning

Answer 16

Modelling - learning through the observation and imitation of others
Vicarious learning - learning by being rewarded or punished for doing the action

Question 17

One developed strength

One developed weakness

Answer 17

Strength - the ability to clearly observe and measure behaviours
Weakness - behaviour is learnt through association with environmental stimuli and the response we get from it