behaviourism- the learning approach Flashcards
when are 4 key assumptions?
- behaviour can be studied through observation
- all spices learn the same
- there are no mental processes involved in learning
- all behaviors are learn’t
who suggested classical conditioning?
Pavlov
describe classical conditioning
BEFORE: unconditioned stimulus-> unconditioned response
neutral stimulus–> no response
AFTER: conditioned stimulus –> conditioned response
what is operant conditioning?
a active process by which animals learn due to consequence
what is positive reinforcement?
a reward increasing the likelihood of the behavior being repeated
what is negative reinforcement?
the unpleasant thing is take away the likelihood of the behavior being repeated
what is punishment?
a unpleasant consequence due to behaviour decreasing the likelihood of the behavior being repeated
who demonstrated positive reinforcement?
Skinner
what is generalization?
when we can genralise learnt behaviors to other similar stimuli
what is discrimination?
when we can choose not to respond to similar but still different stimuli
what is the extinction of res ponce?
when newly learned behaviors are lost easily
what is spontaneous recovery?
when a lost behavior suddenly reappears
why are scientific methods a strength?
- cause and effect can be established
- observations are objective
- empirical evidence
why are real-life applications a strength?
shows the approach works
what are some real-life applications?
token economy, phobia treatment, punishment , loyalty cards
