Behaviourism People

Question 1

Noticed dogs salivated AND turned to the location where food was presented

Answer 1

Zener 1937

Question 2

Classical conditioning

Answer 2

Pavlov 1897

Question 3

Operant conditioning

Answer 3

B F Skinner 1938

Question 4

Little Albert experiment

Answer 4

John Watson & Rosalie Raynor, 1920

Question 5

Law of effect

Answer 5

Edward Thorndike, 1905
Behaviours followed by something pleasant are repeated, followed by something unpleasant are not repeated

Question 6

Puzzle Boxes

Answer 6

Edward Thorndike, 1898

Question 7

Premack Principle

Answer 7

David Premack, 1962
Preferred activity can be used to reinforce unpreferred one

Question 8

Operant conditioning box/skinner box

Answer 8

B F Skinner, 1938

Question 9

Pleasure centres

Answer 9

Discovered by James Olds, 1956

Question 10

Edward Chace Tolman

Answer 10

Dissatisfied with stimulus-response approach
Proposed animals established means-ends relationship (response = reward)
Stimulus doesn’t stimulate response, but internal cognitive state that leads to response

Question 11

Rats running through maze sped up for larger reward, slowed for smaller reward

Answer 11

Crespi, 1942

Question 12

Contingency

Answer 12

Rescorla and Wagner, 1972
Organism has an expectation about how well the CS signals appearance of US

Question 13

Experiment with mice and tones and freezing and light and not freezing (blocking)

Answer 13

Rescorla, 1968

Question 14

Experiment with people, spider and snake pictures, and shocks

Answer 14

Ohman and Soares, 1998