Behaviour Theories Flashcards
Who is known for the development of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
True or False: John Bowlby is associated with attachment theory.
True
Fill in the blank: Ainsworth’s ‘Strange Situation’ is a method used to assess __________.
attachment styles
Which psychologist is famous for the concept of classical conditioning?
John Watson
What are the four attachment styles identified by Ainsworth?
Secure, Avoidant, Ambivalent, Disorganized
Multiple Choice: What does B.F. Skinner’s concept of reinforcement involve?
a) Increasing behavior through rewards
What is the primary focus of behaviorism as proposed by Watson?
Observable behavior
True or False: Skinner believed that behavior is determined by internal thoughts and feelings.
False
Short Answer: What is the main idea behind Bowlby’s attachment theory?
The importance of the bond between a child and their primary caregiver.
Fill in the blank: Watson’s behaviorism emphasizes the study of __________.
stimulus-response relationships
What is the main focus of Rutter’s theory of attachment?
Rutter’s theory emphasizes the importance of the quality of relationships and the role of environment in children’s development.
True or False: Schaffer and Emerson proposed that attachment develops in distinct stages.
True
Fill in the blank: According to Schaffer and Emerson, the first stage of attachment is called __________.
pre-attachment
What are the four stages of attachment identified by Schaffer and Emerson?
Pre-attachment, attachment-in-the-making, clear-cut attachment, and formation of reciprocal relationships.
Which researchers conducted a longitudinal study on attachment in infants?
Schaffer and Emerson
Multiple Choice: What is a key feature of Rutter’s perspective on attachment? A) Genetic predisposition B) Environmental influences C) Cognitive development D) Social learning
B) Environmental influences
What did Schaffer and Emerson conclude about multiple attachments in infants?
They found that infants can form multiple attachments with different caregivers.
True or False: Rutter’s research suggests that all attachment styles are equally beneficial for child development.
False
Short Answer: Describe one criticism of Schaffer and Emerson’s attachment theory.
One criticism is that their stages may not apply universally across different cultures.
What is the significance of the ‘secure base’ concept in attachment theory?
The ‘secure base’ concept refers to the caregiver providing a foundation for the child to explore the world and return for comfort.
