Behaviour

Question 1

What brain region is important in declarative (explicit) memory?

Answer 1

Hippocampus
Medial temporal lobe
Deiencephalon

Question 2

What brain region is important in the skills and habits of implicit (nondeclarative memory)?

Answer 2

Striatum
Motor cortex
Cerebellum

Question 3

What brain region is important in priming of implicit memory?

Answer 3

Neocortex

Question 4

What brain region is important in basic associative learning of implicit memory?

Answer 4

Emotional: amygdala.

Skeletal musculature: cerebellum

Question 5

What brain region is important in nonassociative learning of implicit memory?

Answer 5

Reflex pathways

Question 6

Name the 3 forms of synaptic plasticity?

Answer 6

1. Dentate LTP.
2. CA1 LTD.
3. Reversal of dentate LTP.

Question 7

Name the 3 properties of LTP?

Answer 7

1. Persistence
2. Input specificity.
3. Associativity.

Question 8

Depolarisation and NMDA receptor

Answer 8

1. Strong depolarisation of the cell by sodium influx. Displaces the magnesium that blocks NMDA.
2. NMDA opens- calcium and sodium influx.
3. Calcium acts as a second messenger- triggers LT cellular change.

Question 9

How direction is AMPA receptor trafficking?

Answer 9

Bidirectional.

Removal of receptors during LTD. Additional during LTP

Question 10

Hebb’s postulate?

Answer 10

When an axon of a cell (A) is near enough to excite cell B. Repeat firing- increase in efficacy between the cells.

Question 11

How does the neural circuit effect synaptic plasticity?

Answer 11

Synaptic plasticity effects memory in a direct way in a neural circuit. eg. reflex network and distributed associative.

Question 12

Name the 4 criteria for assessing the synaptic plasticity and memory hypothesis?

Answer 12

1. Anterograde alternation
2. Retrograde alteration.
3. Detectability.
4. Mimicry.

Question 13

Define anterograde alternation?

Answer 13

Interventions that prevent/limit the induction of synaptic weight changes during a learning experience.

Question 14

DL-AP5 use?

Answer 14

Antagonist of NMDA.
Blocks NMDA receptor.
Delay-dependent impairment.

Question 15

Intraventricular drug delivery?

Answer 15

inject drugs into the ventricular system.

Question 16

Intrahippocampal drug delivery?

Answer 16

Inject drugs into the hippocampus.

Question 17

What rule does hippocampal NMDAR activation have on memory?

Answer 17

Hippocampal NMDAR activation is necessary for encoding but not retrieval.

Question 18

What does blocking of CNQX do?

Answer 18

It prevents successful memory retrieval.