Behaviour

Question 1

Behaviour

Answer 1

An organism’s response to a stimulus

Question 1

Innate Behaviour

Answer 1

A type of behaviour that is instinctive and happens automatically

Question 2

Waggle dance in bees
innate behaviour –} advantage

Answer 2

Shows location of food source

Question 3

Grip response in primates
innate behaviour –} advantage

Answer 3

Young grip onto mother (safety)

Question 4

Suckling
innate behaviour –} advantage

Answer 4

Babies can feed without being taught

Question 5

Classic conditioning

Answer 5

Classical conditioning is when you learn to link two things together. For example, if you hear a bell every time you get food, eventually just hearing the bell might make you hungry.

Question 6

Habituation Example:
Scarecrow

Answer 6

Crows get food

Question 7

Insight learning:
Working out how to get food from a high cupboard

Answer 7

Can get food through trial and error; problem solving

Question 8

Pavlov’s Dogs experiment

Answer 8

1. The dog is presented with the primary stimulus (food) and has the unconditional response of salivation
2. When the secondary stimulus (the bell)is rung there is no unconditioned response of salivation
3. The primary stimulus and the secondary stimulus occur at the same time
4. Now every time the secondary stimulus (the bell) is rung then it causes a conditioned response (salivation), because the dog now associates food with the ringing of a bell

Question 9

Imprinting

Answer 9

Imprinting is a rapid and lasting form of learning in animals, where they quickly bond with the first thing they see after birth or hatching, often their mother.

Question 10

Why is imprinting helpful?

Answer 10

It allows newly hatched birds to self-identify, copy key survival behaviours and it establishes social bonds/ specific behaviours - IT IS INNATE

Question 11

Choice Chamber - how it is used

Answer 11

1. Put woodlice in chambers, separated into Dark Wet, Dark dry, Light Wet and Light dry
2. After 10 minutes, count how many is in each side
3. 2 more times (repeat)

Question 12

Function of the brain in higher animals

Answer 12

Controls the living functions and behaviours of the organism

Question 13

Cerebrum

Answer 13

Conscious thought, memory and emotions

Question 14

Hypothalamus

Answer 14

Control of internal conditions (blood temperature)

Question 15

Cerebellum

Answer 15

Controls balance and coordinated movement

Question 16

Medula Oblugata

Answer 16

Controls heart rate, breathing rate and peristalsis (the process of food moving through the oesophagus)

Question 17

Pituitary Gland

Answer 17

Release of hormones

Question 18

Woodlice practical - Independent, dependent and control variable

Answer 18

IV - Conditions of each chamber
DV - Number of woodlice in each chamber after 5 minutes
CV - Same types of woodlice

Question 19

What conditions do woodlice prefer? Why?

Answer 19

Dark and humid environments help them maintain the necessary moisture levels, which reduces them the risk of dying dehydration, and provides them with better cover and protection from predators

Question 20

Simple reflex

Answer 20

An automatic involuntary response to a specific stimulus.

Question 21

Example of simple reflex

Answer 21

Knee - jerk (IT IS INNATE)

Question 22

Learnt/operant/trial an error

Answer 22

• important for organisms to adapt to new environments
• e.g. A dog being trained to sit on command, after several and repeated training sessions it shall learn to associate the command sit with the act.