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MCAT: PSYCH/SOC > Behavioral Sciences Chapter #9 (Social Interaction) > Flashcards

Behavioral Sciences Chapter #9 (Social Interaction) Flashcards

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1
Q

Define: Status

A

a position in a society used to classify an individual ; it exists in relationship to other statuses

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2
Q

Define: Master Status

A

the status by which an individual is primarily identified by; influences all aspects of an individual’s life

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3
Q

Define: Buerocracy

A

an organization with the goal of performing complicated tasks as efficiently and as well as possible ; they have 6 characteristics: fixed salary, nonelected officials, regular salary increases, seniority rights, and promotions when you pass an exam or milestone

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4
Q

What kind of communication uses words

A

verbal

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5
Q

What is “Aligning Actions”

A

an impression management technique where someone gives socially acceptable reasons for socially unexpected behavior, like laughing off an innapropriate comment as a joke

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6
Q

What is SYMLOG

A

a method of analyzing group dynamcis and considering groups along 3 different dimensions: dominant versus. submissive (1) ; friendly versus. unfriendly (2) ; instrumentally controlled versus. emotionally expressive (3)

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7
Q

What is the “ought self”

A

who others think we should be ; the expectations imposed by others on us

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8
Q

What is the “tactical self”?

A

the self we present to others when we’re trying to adhere to their expectations

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9
Q

What is the “presented self”?

A

the combination of one’s authentic, ideal, and tactical selves

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10
Q

What is the “Basic Model” of emotion as presented by Charles Darwin?

A

this theory states that emotions serve an evolutionary purpose and are thus similar across cultures ; has been supported by the seven universal emotions

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11
Q

What does the “Social Construction” Model of emotion state?

A

emotions come as a product of their social situation and thus serve no biological evolutionary purpose/ basis

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12
Q

What is Intraspecific Communication

A

communication between members of the same species

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13
Q

What is Interspecific Communication?

A

communication between members of different species

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14
Q

What is Autocommunication

A

the sender and recipient of a signal are the same organism

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15
Q

What is an “Ascribed Status”?

A

a status involuntarily assigned to an individual based on their race/ ethnicity/ gender/ family background, and other stupid stereotypes

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16
Q

What is an “Achieved Status”?

A

a status that is voluntarily earned by an indivudual, such as being a college graduate

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17
Q

What is a Role

A

a set of beliefs, values and norms that define the expectations on a certain status in a social situation; how you’re supposed to act given your status

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18
Q

What is Role Performance

A

carrying out the behaviors of a given role

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19
Q

What is a Role Partner

A

another individual that helps define a specific role within a relationship

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20
Q

What is a Role Set?

A

contains all of the different roles associated with a status

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21
Q

What is Role Conflict?

A

this occurs when someone has a difficulty satisfying multiple roles simultaneously

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22
Q

What is Role Strain

A

when someone has difficulty satisfying multiple requirements of the same role at the same time

23
Q

What are Groups?

A

groups of two or more people with similar characteristics that share a sense of unity or togetherness

24
Q

What is a Peer Group?

A

a self-selected group of people formed around their similar interests / ages / statuses

25
Q

What is a Family Group?

A

the group an individual is born, adopted, or married into

26
Q

What is an In-Group?

A

a group that you identify with

27
Q

What is an Out-Group?

A

a group that you compete with or oppose

28
Q

What is a Reference Group?

A

a group that you compare yourself to

29
Q

What is a Primary Group?

A

groups that have strong emotional bonds

30
Q

What is a Secondary Group?

A

groups that tend to be temporary, and contain fewer emotional bonds ; tend to have weaker bonds between it’s members

31
Q

What is Gemeinschaft?

A

a community ; a group brought together (unified) by feelings of togetherness that come from their shared beliefs, ancestry, or geography

32
Q

What is Gesellschaft?

A

a society ; a group unified by their mutual self-interests in achieving a goal (is it one goal or a goal for each individual?)

33
Q

What is Groupthink?

A

when members of a group start to conform to each other’s viewpoins while ignoring outside perspectives

34
Q

What is a network?

A

an observable pattern of social relationships between individuals or groups ; does not exist without it’s members?

35
Q

What is an Organization?

A

bodies of people with a structure and culture designed to achieve specific goals ; they exist outside of each individual’s membership in the organization

36
Q

Is a beurocracy an example of a network or an organization?

A

an organization, because it still exists outside of it’s members’ involvement in it

37
Q

Name the two basic models for showing how we express emotion in social situations?

A

The Basic Model (1) and the Social Construction Model (2)

38
Q

What is the Basic Model of expressing emotion in social situations?

A

there are universal emotions that go with their own corresponding expressions that can be understood regardless of culture

39
Q

What is the Social Construction Model of expressing emotions in social situations?

A

emotions are based on their situational context in social situations

40
Q

What are Display Rules?

A

unspoken rules that govern how emotions are expressed

41
Q

What is a Cultural Syndrome?

A

a set of shared beliefs, norms, values, and behaviors that are organized around one theme (found among people that share the same language and geography)

42
Q

What is Impression Management?

A

the maintenance of one’s public image using various strategies: self-disclosure, managing appearances, ingratiation, aligning actions, and alter-casting

43
Q

What is Self-Disclosure?

A

a strategy used to maintain one’s public image ; sharing factual information

44
Q

What is Managing Appearances?

A

using props, appearance, emotional expression, or associations to create a positive image (of oneself?) ; a strategy of maintaining one’s public image

45
Q

What is Ingratiation?

A

using flattery and or conformity to win over someone else ; a strategy used to maintain one’s public image

46
Q

What is Aligning Actions?

A

using excuses to account for your questionable behavior ; a strategy used to maintain one’s public image

47
Q

What is Alter-Casting?

A

imposing an identity onto another person ; a strategy used to maintain one’s public image

48
Q

What is the Dramaturgical Approach?

A

individuals create images of themselves the same way that actors perform in front of an audience; includes the front and back stages

49
Q

What is the front stage?

A

where the individual is seen by the audience and strives to preserve their desired image ; one’s public image, regardless of how it is changed ; a part of the Dramaturgical Approach

50
Q

What is the back stage?

A

where the individual is not in front of an audience, and can act outside of one’s desired public image ; a part of the Dramaturgical Approach

51
Q

True or False: Communication contains both verbal and nonverbal elements.

A

true! there is verbal, nonverbal, and even animal communication

52
Q

What is Verbal Communication?

A

conveying information using spoke, written, or signed words

53
Q

What is Nonverbal Communication?

A

conveying information using means other than words: such as body language, prosody, facial expression, and gestures

54
Q

What is Animal Communication?

A

this takes place between nonhuman animals, and humans ; animals use body language, rudimentary facial expressions, visual displays, scents, and vocalizations to communicate

MCAT: PSYCH/SOC (4 decks)

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