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Behavioral Science 2.2 Psychological Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Which theory views behavior as influenced by childhood experiences and unconscious desires?

A

Psychoanalytic Theory

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2
Q

Libido

A

Natural energy source fueling mechanisms of the mind

“Life instinct”

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3
Q

What happens if Libido becomes fixed at one developmental stage?

A

The individual becomes stuck in that developmental stage

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4
Q

Which theorists are proponents of psychoanalysis?

A

Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung

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5
Q

Describe the Id in terms of psychoanalysis

A

Part of the unconscious mind focusing on Immediate gratification

Pleasure principle

“I want”

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6
Q

Describe the Superego in terms of psychoanalysis

A

Moral oversight representing societal values

Partially conscious mind and part unconscious

“I should”

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7
Q

Describe the Ego in terms of psychoanalysis

A

The conscious mind that mediates the Id and Superego

Reality principle

“I will”

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8
Q

Wish fulfillment

A

Individual’s mental imagery that meets the wants/needs of the pleasure principle

Daydreaming

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9
Q

Which theory views humans as having free will and able to actively develop to their highest potential and reach self actualization?

A

Humanistic Theory

Focuses on conscious thoughts and actions

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10
Q

Which theorists support the humanistic theory?

A

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

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11
Q

Inferiority complex

A

Sense of incompleteness and imperfection driving each individual

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12
Q

Fictional finalist

A

Motivation from expectations of future experiences

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13
Q

What is the Jungian archetype for collective behavior ANIMA?

A

Repressed female qualities in males

“Man’s inner woman”

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14
Q

What is the Jungian archetype for collective behavior ANIMUS?

A

Repressed male qualities in females

“Woman’s inner man”

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15
Q

What is the Jungian archetype for collective behavior SHADOW ARCHETYPE?

A

Socially reprehensible thoughts

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16
Q

What is the Jungian archetype for collective behavior PERSONA?

A

Parts we represent to the world as us

“Mask for public viewing”

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17
Q

What is the Jungian archetype for collective behavior SELF?

A

Collective unconscious of an individual

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18
Q

What is the concept proposed by Carl Rogers as a place where we feel free to be our genuine true selves and feel acceptance/unconditional positive regard from others?

A

Growth Promoting Climate

Must be met to reach self-actualization

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19
Q

Incongruence

A

Felt if situation contradicts self-concepts

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20
Q

What is the goal of person centered therapy?

A

Provide an environment to help clients accept and learn from emotional reactions

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21
Q

What theory views behavior and personality as inherited?

A

Biologic theory

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22
Q

Social Potency

A

The degree to which a person assumes leadership and mastery roles in a social situation

23
Q

Traditionalism

A

Tendency to follow the lead of an authority in a social situation

24
Q

Temperament

A

An individual’s innate disposition

25
Which theorist views personality as being determined by three brain systems and what theory does this fall under?
Alan Gray Biologic theory
26
Which theory describes behavior rather than focusing on its origins
Trait theory
27
Allport’s trait theory
4500 different traits with some more important than others Cardinal traits dominate personality Central traits are the main traits forming personalities Secondary traits are variable depending on circumstance
28
Roger Cattel’s trait theory
16 traits used to characterize individuals
29
Factor analysis of traits
Narrows a wider set of traits into smaller more representative and significant subsets
30
Surface traits
Evident in behavior
31
Source traits
Abstract factors underlying personality and behavior
32
Esyencks trait theory
There are 3 major traits, 2 of which everyone has to certain degrees 1. Extroversion 2. Neuroticism 3. Psychoticism (not everyone)
33
What are the Big 5 personality traits?
Openness Conscientiousness Extroversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
34
Which theory states that individuals are influenced by their environment and focuses on observable behavior?
Behaviorism
35
Which theory bridges behaviorism and psychoanalysis and views thinking as behavior?
Cognitive theory
36
What were the results of Banduras Bono doll experiment?
Showed children learn through observation
37
Learning performance distinction
Just because you learn something doesn’t mean you are going to perform it
38
What are the 4 factors of Banduras social cognitive theory?
Attention Memory Imitation Motivated to replicate
39
What is the focus of cognitive behavioral therapy?
Feeling and behaviors are reactions to a persons thoughts about actual events
40
Which defense mechanism involves pretending the problem is not true?
Denial
41
Which defense mechanism involves the transfer of the problem to another person?
Projection
42
What occurs in projective identification?
Individual starts to believe and act the way they are being projected onto
43
What defense mechanism involves an indirect way of expressing feelings?
Passive agression
44
What defense mechanism involves separating emotion from the problem and making it more academic?
Intellectualization
45
What defense mechanism involves using false logic to explain a perception or behavior?
Rationalization
46
What defense mechanism involves slipping into a behavior of an earlier developmental stage?
Regression
47
What defense mechanism involves unconsciously pushing an undesirable though out of the conscious mind?
Repression
48
What defense mechanism involves transferring an emotional feeling to an easier target?
Displacement
49
What defense mechanism involves focusing on funny aspects of a painful situation?
Humor
50
What defense mechanism involves channeling negative feelings into positive activity?
Sublimation
51
What defense mechanism involves the conscious pushing of thoughts out of mind?
Suppression
52
What defense mechanism involves forgetting about one’s own problems and finding joy in serving others?
Altruism
53
What defense mechanism involves expressing the opposite emotion to the one they actually feel?
Reaction formation

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