Behavioral Guidance #1 Flashcards
when is a kid’s most rapid growth?
first year
what is the % inc in height and weight in the first year of growth?
height = 50% inc weight = 200% inc
how big is the head in relation to the body at birth?
1/4 body length
how big is the head in relation to the body in an adult?
1/10 body length
what 2 things influence growth/
nutrition
standards of health
universal sequence of biological events occuring in the body and brain
maturation
*prominent phenomenon in child development
at every age there is a normal ___ for size and physical growth
range
physical growth DOESNT necessarily equal what?
-cognitive and emotional maturation
tooth development can be _____ without relationship to other aspects of development
advanced/delayed
teeth and other oral structures can be affected by _____ as well as _____ issues
- nutritional
- genetic
*just bc you are little doesnt mean there is a problem as long as you are consistent
a person’s NATURE, especially as it permanently affects their behavior.
- how the child copes with the demands and expectations of the environment
- mother’s may contribute to child’s behavior
temperament
*mom’s anxiety may be a clue to that of the child
can you always “overcome” temperament with basic behavioral techniques?
no
the selective emotional ties that one person has for another
attachment
do most infants have one or multiple attachments
multiple
when do attachments happen?
persist over time and the selective relationship is generally present by 6 months
clinically, ______, emotional pediatric pt on average does not do well in the dental laboratory
the higher attached
what does attachment depend on?
- quality of interactions (rather than amount of time)
- caregiver being sensitive and responsive to the infant’s signals
- caregiver providing nuturing and supportive care
lack of attachment may result in what?
behavioral problems
over-attachment may do what?
make parent over-indulgent and over-protective and this may not be the parent you want in the operatory (HELICOPTER PARENT)
parenting style where the kids run the house
permissive
parenting style where the parent shows no affection
authoritarian
parenting style that is the best of both worlds
authoritative
which year of divorce is the hardest for kids?
1rst year
happens at all levels of life and often the abused become abusers
child abuse
what are some changes that have occured for generally accepted parental discipline
- spanking is no longer encouraged
- negotiation is allowed
- failure to set limits on child’s behavior
*children are now more difficult to control in the dental operatory
what will undoubtedly affect the behavior of the child in the dental operatory?
enviornment at home
to successfully treat children you must recognize…
- kids who are significantly different in size
- how child’s temperament affects your ability to treat
- attachment to parent
- parenting style will affect your interactions with kid
- is this behavior NORMAL
*remember that your perception of the child’s development beed not be that of the parent
who are the three classic child development theorists
- erikson
- piaget
- skinner
what did erikson come up with?
psychosocial development idea
what is the physcosocial development idea?
- people develop throughout life and it is an unconcious process
- develop a sense of self and competence through interactions with others
- the stages are met sequentially
what did BF skinner come up with?
operant conditioning theory
what is the operant conditioning theory?
- relationship between stimulus and response
- control over actions lay in their consequences
- RESULT of behavior changes the probability that the behavior will occur again
positive reinforcement may also do what???
inadvertently reinforce bad behavior bc correcting it gives it attention (best to ignore minor disturbances)
what did piaget come up with?
cognitive development
stage of cognitive development, child uses senses and motor skills to understand the word and has OBJECT PERMANENCE
sensorimotor stage
when is the sensorimotor stage?
birth - 2
stage of cognitive development, child uses language, images, and words to represent objects. EGOCENTRIC and child only understand their point of view. ANIMISM in which they think that everything is like them
pre-operational stage
when is the preoperational stage
2 - 7
stage of cognitive development, child can now use logic. child can consider multiple aspects of a problem
concrete operational stage
when is the concrete operational stage?
7 - 11
stage of cognitive development, child has abstract reasoning and hypothetical thinking
formal operational stage
when is the formal operational stage?
11 and older
what is constuctionism?
child acquires reality through touching, exploring, and observing
*let them see, touch instruments and materials, show them what youre doing
how many words do kids know are 18 months?
10
how many words do kids know at years
1000
when does the fear of strangers peak?
13-18 months
a patient under the age of three might experience what problems/
- probable cant manage
- basic behavior guidance wont work
- may require sedation or GA
- must use parent to help
- begin prevention early
when is separation anxiety usually under control?
3
what is the age where you move kids from knee to knee to the chair
3
at what age do kids typically start to listen to explanations, respond well to verbal directions, and have an active imagination?
4
can 4 years olds be given LA and nitrous?
yes
what are the characteristics of 5 year olds?
- does not fear separation from parents
- proud of accomplishments
- accepts group activities
- fears bodily injury
