Beer Production Flashcards
What are the four essential ingredients in beer production?
- Grain
- Hops
- Yeast
- Water
Name 5 alternative ingredients for making gluten-free beer?
- Sorghum*
- Flax
- Buckwheat
- Millet
- Rice
What are hops and how do they influence beer?
The hops for beer production are the seedless-female flowers of Humulus Lupulus.
And they are the ingredient in beer that provides its backbone of bitterness, increases its microbiological stability,helps stabilize its foam, and greatly influences the taste and aroma of beer.
What is Malting?
Malting is the first step of beer production. and it is the process in which the grain is steeped in water, then rested under precise condiion to encourage germination, then it is finally dried in a kiln and /or roaster.
What is the Grist?
Griest is the milled malt.
What is Mashing/Mash Tun?
Mashing is the process where the grist is mixed with water to form a porridge like mixture to form the Mash.
What is Lautering?
Lautering is a method that separates the sweet wort from spent grain.
What is Sparging?
Sparging is the spraying of hot water over the mash to rinse out residual sugars.
What are the main functions of the boiling process?
The boiling of the wort serves as the following main functions:
- Inactivation of residual enzymes from the mash.
- Isomerization of bittering hop a-acids
- Sterilizaton of the wort.
- Removal of unwanted volatiles.
- Precipitation of unwanted proeins.
- Evaporation of remaining water/concentraition of the wort.
What does the whirlpool process do?
During this process the hoped wort is spun in a whirlpool an removing spent hops and roteins.
What is Priming?
Priming is the process where sugar and yeast are added to a fermented beer wth the purpose of startig a secondary re-fermentation in a tank, cask, bottle, or keg.
What does “Bottle Conditioned” indicate on a bottle of beer?
It is the oiginal method by which beer IN THE BOTTLE is made sparkling.
What is Krausen/Krausening?
The process of priming by the addition of actively fermenting wort to a tank, cask, bottle, or keg.
Whta is the Crabtree effect?
Saccharomyces Pastorianus and Saccharomyces Cerevisiae yeasts grow anaerobically and aerobically.
However, the Crabtree effect when in the precence of oxygen the yeast tends to reproduce and produce a biomass instead of alcohol; this is only true if the sugar level is below .2 g/l, once the sugar is above .2 g/l the yeast starts producing alcohol egardless of the availability of oxygen.
What is the name of the enzyme that converts starch to fermentable sugars in beer production?
Alpha Amylase
What is the name of the acid that is provided by hops and imparts bitterness and enhances preservation properties to beer?
Alpha Acids
What is the name of the acid that is provided by hops and imparts complexity to the beer’s bouquet?
Beta Acids
What does Kristalweizen mean on a bottle of Hefeweizen/Weissbier?
Kristalweizen indicates that the Hefeweizen or Weissbier in question has been filtered.
What is the minimum percentage of wheat allowed in a weissbier/Hefeweizen in Germany?
Minimum of 50% of malted wheat and the balance must be barley.
What are the four classic varieties of hops?
The four classic varieties of hops are:
- Hallertau - Germany
- Tettnanger - Germany
- Spalt - Bvaria, Germany.
- Saaz - Czech Republuc, used for lagers.
*They are named after the cities in Germany and the Czech Republic.
What is Candy Sugar?
Candy Sugar is one of the many possible non-malt fermentable sugars that a brewer can add to a beer in search of unique flavous.
Mostly used in Belgium to produce the famous Trappist/Abbey Ales and aquire the lighter body and more alcohol because it is more fermentable than malt sugars.
*Most Belgian Ales are darker in color than other examples because of the Candi Sugar and not from the heavily roasted grain.
