BCP clin med wk 3 Flashcards
what kind of chemotherapy is given to destroy left over cells after surgical excision
Adjuvent chemotherapy
what kind of chemotherapy is given prior to a surgical procedure to shrink the tumor
Neoadjuvant
what are the top 3 most common cancers in men
prostate, lungs and bronchus and colon and rectum
what are the top 3 cancers in women
breast, lung and bronchus, and colon and rectum
what are the USPSTF screening recommendations for prostate and testicular CA
recommends against
what are the USPSTF screening recommendations for cervical CA
21 to 65 years with cytology (Pap smear) every 3 years or, for women age 30 to 65 years who want to lengthen the screening interval, screening with a combination of cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing every 5 years.
what are the USPSTF screening recommendations for breast CA
biennial screening mammography for women 50-74 years.
Self exam
what are the USPSTF screening recommendations for colon CA
using fecal occult blood testing, sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy in adults, beginning at age 50 years and continuing until age 75 years.
what are the USPSTF screening recommendations for lung CA
low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in adults aged 55 to 80 years who have a 30 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years; D/C if not smoked for 15yrs
what is the TNM method for staging solid tumors
location, size and level of tumor invasion (T), absence or presence and extent of nodal mets (N), and presence or absence of systemic mets (M)
what is stereotactic radiosurgery
high single dose of radiation to a limited volume using rigid mobilization coordinating system
what is stereotactic radiosurgery used for
tx of intracranial lesions, meningiomas, gliomas, and arteriovenous malformations (AVM)
define paraneoplastic syndrome
features of dz that can’t be attributed either to the CA’s direct effects or metastatic properties
what is cushing syndrome and what kind of CA is it associated with
excessive adrenocorticoids ACTH associated c/ small cell lung CA
moon face, buffalo hump
what is carcinoid syndrome
excessive serotonin production associated c/ neuroendocrine tumors
freq met to liver, intestines and lungs
flushing, wheezing, diarrhea
what paraneoplastic (PNS) syndrome is ass. c/ lung, breast, kidney, and other CA is related to PTH and can result in sudden death due to cardiac arrhythmia or asystole
hypercalcemia
what PNS is seen most often in small cell lung CA, is the result of ectopic ADH, ANP production and can result in altered sensorium, coma, and death
hyponatremia
SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)
what is another name for Lambert-Eaton syndrome and what is it
myasthenic syndrome
defective release of acetylcholine in response to N. impulse. weakness in proximal m. of the limbs; ass c/ small cell carcinoma- lung GI
what is the mechanism of action for the cell cycle specific agent Antimetabolites
competes with purine or pyrimidine analogs by getting incorporated into DNA or RNA, thus inhibits synth e.g. methotrexate, fluorouracil
what is the mechanism of action of topoisomerase II inhibitor
binds to topo II and causes DNA strand breaks. e.g. doxorubicin, etoposide
what antimicrotubule agent promotes formation of microtubules and prevents separation
paclitaxel
P- Promotes formation
Prevents separation
what kind of agent is vincristine and how does it work
it is an antimicrotubule agent and acts by binding tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly
how does the folate antagonist methotrexate work
inhibit DNA synth, repair, and cellular replication.
what are some notable ADE of methotrexate
acute kidney injury, mucositis, elevated LFTs, rash
