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Elite Brainiacs > Bcm Instrumentation > Flashcards

Bcm Instrumentation Flashcards

1
Q

Who invented chromatography

A

Mikhail tsvet

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2
Q

Basic principles of chromatography

A

Differential distribution between the stationary n mobile phase

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3
Q

What is the stationary phase for paper chromatography

A

Cellulose acetate

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4
Q

Principle of differential distribution

A

The flow rate of the mobile phase

Retardation brought by the interaction of the solute n stationary phase

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5
Q

The speed of migration of solute depends on

A

Adsorptive affinity

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6
Q

In adsorption mechanism
Solute is separated base on

A

Adsorptive affinity

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7
Q

In partition mechanism solute is separated base on

A

Solubility difference

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8
Q

In exclusive mechanism solute are separated

A

By pore size

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9
Q

The movement of solvent in paper chromatography is through

A

Capillary action

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10
Q

The rate of mobility in paper chromatography is affected by

A

Relative solubility
Polarity of solvent
Polarity of solute

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11
Q

Reagent for paper chromatography

A

10%sulphuric acid exposed to iodine vapour

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12
Q

Thin layer chromatography make use of

A

Finely powered adsorbent such as :silica gel alumina starch biogel

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13
Q

Basic principles for separation of gel filtration is

A

Molecular size

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14
Q

Which separation technique s there no interaction between the solute molecules n stationary phase

A

Gel filtration

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15
Q

Basic principles for ion exchange chromatography

A

Charge to charge interaction

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16
Q

The stationary phase of iec consist of fixed charges know an

A

Resins

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17
Q

Basic principle of gas chromatography

A

Difference in the partition of the various molecules between the two phase

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18
Q

Basic principle for hplc

A

Separation based on relative affinity

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19
Q

What is the bases of hplc separation

A

Distribution of analyte between the mobile n stationary phase

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20
Q

The study of electro magnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by a given chemistal species

A

Spectroscopy

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21
Q

The duration of sample spent on column in hplc is determined by

A

Intermolecular interaction between it molecules and it parking material

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22
Q

What is used for measurements in spectrometer

A

A photo electric cell

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23
Q

What isolate radiant energy and narrow wave length region

A

A prism

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24
Q

What compares the light intensity between ntwo light path one path containing ba reference standard and the other a test sample

A

A double beam spectrometer

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25
Q

What measure the light intensity before and after a test sample has been inserted

A

Single beam spectrometer

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26
Q

The visible region is between

A

400_700nm

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27
Q

Ultra violent region of spectrum is between

A

400-200nm

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28
Q

Infra red region of spectrum is between

A

700-2000nm

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29
Q

Protein in solution have absorbance Maxima of 280nm because of

A

Because of amino acid with aromatic rings

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30
Q

Nucleic acid have an absorbance Maxima of 260nm

A

Because of the presence of heterocyclic rings

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31
Q

Photo metric instrument that measure visible region of spectrum is

A

Colorimeter

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32
Q

Fraction of light absorbed is

A

Absorbance

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33
Q

Fraction of light transmitted is

A

Transmittance

34
Q

———-state that the absorption of radiant energy is directly proportional to the absorbing species in the sample

35
Q

Basic relationship between conc of absorbing species and measured value of absorbed radiation is in which law

36
Q

—————states that the same proportion of incident light will absorbed a unit thickness irrespective of the intensity of light

A

Lambert law

37
Q

In beer Lambert law A=£cl
What is £

A

Molar extinction

38
Q

—————-states the amount of light transmitted decrease exponentially with an increase in concentration of the solution through which the light passes

A

Beer Lambert law

39
Q

According to beer Lambert law absorbance is linearly proportional to concentration but only valid for

A

Low concentration

40
Q

According to beer Lambert high concentration might lead to

A

Association of molecules

41
Q

________measures the density of light absorbed or transmitted

A

Spectrum photometry

42
Q

Molecules that are excited by absorbtion of radiation are known as

A

Chromophore

43
Q

If light is absorbed the molecules is

44
Q

Absorbtion of longer wavelength such as ultraviolet n visible light is restricted to

A

Limited number of chromophore

45
Q

What determine the absorption property of chromophore

A

Chemical structure of the molecule

46
Q

Basic principles of centrifugation technique

A

Separation of particles based on sedimentation properties

47
Q

Centrifugal equipment used in centrifugation technique

A

Centrifuge

48
Q

The dense particle of centrifugation is termed

49
Q

The less dense part of centrifugation is termed

A

Supernatant

50
Q

There are two procedure of centrifugation

A

Preparative
Analytical

51
Q

______involvea the study of sedimentation characteristics of biological macro molecules

A

Analytical technique

52
Q

______involves actual separation isolation and purification of particles such as whole cell an sub cellular organelles

A

Preparative technique

53
Q

What respond to changes in hydrogen ion concentration

A

Ph electrode

54
Q

What provide a stable electrical potential

A

Reference electrode

55
Q

An increase in acidity of solution leads to

A

Higher concentration of hydrogen ion

56
Q

An increase in alkalinity leads to an

A

Increase in hydroxyl ions

57
Q

Basic principles of pH meter or potentiometer is based on

A

Exchange of ions between sample solution and inner solution of electrode

58
Q

The unit of absorbance

A

Mol-1 cm-1

59
Q

The force required to displaced solvent as the particle move through the centrifugal field

A

Bouyant force

60
Q

Distribution is quantified using which coefficient

A

Distribution of partition coefficient

61
Q

Sedimentation of particles is dependent on

A

Relative centrifugal force

62
Q

Sedimentation coefficient is expressed in

A

Sverdberg unit

63
Q

_______is a stepwise procedure involving increase centrifugal speed and time

A

Differential Centrifugation

64
Q

An increase in s value will cause

A

Particle to sediment fast

65
Q

Centrifugation through dense medium is

A

Density gradient centrifugation

66
Q

Medium used in density gradient centrifugation

A

Sucrose
Fivoll
Precoll
Caesuim chloride

67
Q

Two types of density gradient centrifugation are

A

Rate zonal
Isopycnic

68
Q

The ratio of centrifugal force to the force of gravity is

A

Relative centrifugal force

69
Q

Isopycnic centrifugation is used to separate

A

Organelles such as Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria perisome

70
Q

In which centrifugation is the density of the particles to be separated are greater than the particles of the solvent

A

Rate zonal density

71
Q

Which gradient marker produce continuous gradient

72
Q

Basic principles of separation of rate zonal density centrifugation

A

Separation is based on size

73
Q

Rf value is found in which chromatography

A

Paper chromatography

74
Q

Positively resins are known as

A

Anion exchange

75
Q

Beer Lambert states that intensity of light increase in respect to

A

Concentration of species

76
Q

Mathematical expression for absorbance

A

—-logT. Log1/T logIo/I

77
Q

Centrifugation depends on which factors

A

Viscosity
Size
Density
Shape

78
Q

Which technique is used to detecting and quantifying analyte within a biological sample

A

Tracer technique

79
Q

Which method is used in detecting an d quantifying analyte within biological sample based on specific antigen to antibody reaction

A

Immunoassay

80
Q

Components of immunoassay are

A

Target analyte
Antibody
Detection label

81
Q

Immune system are made up of

A

Humoral & cellular

82
Q

ELISA means

A

Enzymes linked immunosbent assay

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