BCa T Stages

Question 1

What does “TX” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 1

Primary tumor cannot be assessed.

Question 2

What does “Ta” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 2

Noninvasive papillary carcinoma.

Question 3

What does “Tis” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 3

Carcinoma in situ (CIS).

Question 4

What does “T1” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 4

Tumor invades lamina propria.

Question 5

What does “T2” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 5

Tumor invades muscularis propria.

Question 6

What does “T2a” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 6

Tumor invades superficial muscularis propria (inner half).

Question 7

What does “T2b” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 7

Tumor invades deep muscularis propria (outer half).

Question 8

What does “T3” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 8

Tumor invades perivesical tissue/fat.

Question 9

What does “T3a” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 9

Tumor invades perivesical tissue/fat microscopically.

Question 10

What does “T3b” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 10

Tumor invades perivesical tissue/fat macroscopically (extravesical mass).

Question 11

What does “T4” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 11

Tumor invades prostate, uterus, vagina, pelvic wall, or abdominal wall.

Question 12

What does “T4a” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 12

Tumor invades adjacent organs (uterus, ovaries, prostate stroma).

Question 13

What does “T4b” indicate in bladder cancer staging?

Answer 13

Tumor invades pelvic wall and/or abdominal wall.