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1 - BB/HD > BB anatomy > Flashcards

BB anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior cranial fossa bones

A

Frontal,ethmoid, sphenoid

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2
Q

Anterior cranial fossa structures

A

Frontal lobes

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3
Q

Middle cranial fossa bones

A

Sphenoid, temporal

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4
Q

Middle cranial fossa structures

A

Temporal lobes, pituitary gland

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5
Q

Posterior cranial fossa bones

A

Sphenoid, temporal, parietal, occipital

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6
Q

Posterior cranial fossa structures

A

Brainstem, cerebellum

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7
Q

Superior colliculus

A

Eye movements and reflexes

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8
Q

Inferior colliculus

A

Auditory reflexes

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9
Q

Flow of aqueous humour

A

Ciliary body –> pupil –> canal of Schlemm

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10
Q

Partial optic nerve lesion

A

Ipsilateral scotoma

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11
Q

Complete optic nerve lesion

A

Monocular blindness

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12
Q

Optic chiasm lesion

A

Bitemporal hemianopia

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13
Q

Optic tract lesion

A

Homonymous hemianopia

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14
Q

Meyer’s loop lesion

A

Homonymous upper quadrant hemianopia

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15
Q

Optic radiation lesion

A

Homonymous hemianopia

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16
Q

Visual cortex lesion

A

Homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

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17
Q

Oculomotor parasympathetic

A

Sphincter pupillae

Ciliary muscle

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18
Q

Facial parasympathetic

A

Submandibular gland

Sublingual gland

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19
Q

Glossopharyngeal parasympathetic

A

Parotid gland

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20
Q

Horner syndrome

A

Mitosis (pupil constriction), ptosis, enopthalmos (sinking of eye), anhydrosis

21
Q

CSF drainage

A

Lateral ventricle –> inter ventricular foramen –> 3rd ventricle –> cerebral aqueduct –> 4th ventricle –>

  1. spinal cord via central canal –> filum terminale –> subarachnoid space –> blood
  2. subarachnoid space via cisterns magna via median and lateral apertures –> subarachnoid peace –> arachnoid villi –> blood
22
Q

Lateral ventricle horns

A 
Anterior = frontal lobe 
Inferior = temporal lobe
Posterior = occipital lobe
23
Q

Posterior neck triangle borders

A

Posterior border of SCM
Anterior border of trapezius
Middle 1/3 of the clavicle

24
Q

Posterior neck triangle contents

A 
External jugular
Subclavian artery 
Spinal accessory nerve 
Cervical and brachial plexus 
Phrenic nerve
Lymph nodes
25
Q

EJV prominence

A

Heart failure
SVC obstruction
Enlarged lymph nodes
Raised right sided/pulmonary pressure

26
Q

Anterior neck triangle borders

A

Midline of neck from chin to jugular notch
Anterior border of SCM
Lower border of mandible to mastoid process

27
Q

Submandibular triangle

A

Submandibular gland
Hypoglossal nerve
Facial artery and vein

28
Q

Muscular triangle

A

Sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternothyroid

29
Q

Submental triangle

A

Floor of the mouth

Mylohyoid

30
Q

Carotid triangle border

A

Posterior belly of digastric
Superior belly of mylohyoid
Anterior border of SCM

31
Q

Carotid triangle contents

A 
Carotid artery and bifurcation 
Carotid body and sinus 
Internal jugular vein
CN X, XI, XII
Cervical sympathetic trunk 
Ansa cervicalis
32
Q

External carotid branches

A 
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal 
Lingual 
Facial 
Occipital 
Posterior auricular 
Superficial temporal 
Maxillary
33
Q

Carotid sheath contents

A 
Common carotid 
Internal carotid 
Internal jugular
Vagus nerve
Ansa cervicalis
Lymph nodes 
Cervical sympathetic trunk
34
Q

Stylopharyngeus innervation

A

CN IX

35
Q

External pharyngeal nerve innervates..

A

Cricothyroid muscle

36
Q

Dorsal brainstem

A

Cranial nerve nuclei with motor more medial, sensory more lateral and mixed in the middle

37
Q

Middle brainstem

A

Ascending pathways and reticular formation

38
Q

Ventral brainstem

A

Descending pathways

39
Q

Locus coeruleus

A

= noradrenaline

Sympathetic nervous system control centre

40
Q

Rathe nuclei

A

= serotonin
Arousal, cognition, memory
–> depression

41
Q

Substantia niagra

A

= dopamine
Control of movement initiation and switching
–> Parkinson’s disease

42
Q

Ventral tegmental area

A

= dopamine
Organising behaviours
–> schizophrenia and addiction

43
Q

Pedunculopontine nucleus

A

= acetylcholine

44
Q

Vestibulo-ocular reflex

A 
Afferent = CN VIII
Efferent = CN III, IV, VI
45
Q

Jaw jerk/masseter reflex

A 
Afferent = CN V3
Efferent = CN V
46
Q

Blink reflex

A 
Afferent = CN II, V1, VIII
Efferent = CN VII
47
Q

Gag reflex

A 
Afferent = CN IX 
Efferent = CN X
48
Q

CN V motor

A

Muscles of mastication
Mylohyoid
Anterior belly of digastric
Tensor tympani

49
Q

CN VII motor

A

Muscles of facial expression
Posterior belly of digastric
Stylohyoid
Stapedius

1 - BB/HD (4 decks)

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