Battles Flashcards
1
Q
Battle of Agincourt 1415
A
Henry’s army - 8,000 troops at Agincourt : 2,000 men-at-arms and 6,000 archers
French’s army - consisted of 15000 troops: 10,000 heavily armoured cavalry and only 5,000 infantry.
Henry’s March across France
- march to Calais, rather than sail, to show the French he was not scared of them.
- Dysentery, a disease known as ‘the bloody flux’ - Henry’s marched into his 3rd week, his men became ill, weak and tired.
English -Mainly used the longbows
French- knights
Reasons for English winning
- Positioning of armies
- French tactics relied to much of cavalry
- french indiscipline- cavalry badly coordinated with infantry
- Longbow - English could fire up to 100,000 arrows per minute at the French attack
2
Q
Battle of Falkirk 1298
A
English v Scottish
- English Army
- 2000 cavalry
- 12000 infantry, including 5000 longbow archers and 500 crossbow men.
- French Army
- 500 cavalry
- 9500 infantry, including 1500 longbow archers
Role of Edward I
- Planning was admirable
- bold decision to attack, Edward forced Wallace to fight in a position where his flanks were undefended
Role of William Wallace
- use of schilitrons nearly worked
- good position choice (slope,marsh,woods)
- failed to protect flanks
- cavalry and archers useless
3
Q
Battle of Bosworth 1485
A
- Both was fought by small armies. Richard III had 12,000 men and Henry Tudor had 5,000.
- Richard’s army contained levies from shires and towns, raised by assize of arms, and paid troops.
- Henry’s army consisted entirely of paid mercenaries.
- Richard positioned himself on a hill; this weakened the impact on Henry’s cavalry.
- Richard’s army contained a number of around 140 cannons.
- Richard was eventually killed in hand-to-hand combat and as a result many of Richard’s army fled.
Henry Tudor losses : around 100
Richard’s losses : around 1000.
4
Q
Trends of the battle of bosworth 1485
A
Increase use of gunpowder weapons
Decline of the mounted knight
Decline of the feudal system
5
Q
Turning point of the battle of bosworth 1485
A
Improved use of pikes and schiltrons
increased use of of longbows
