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Geography - Unit One > Battle For The Biosphere > Flashcards

Battle For The Biosphere Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a biome?

A

A world-scale ecosystem.

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2
Q

How many main types of biome are there?

A

5

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of the Coniferous Biome?

A
  • Found at higher latitudes

* Trees have needle-like leaves and are usually evergreen

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of the Deciduous Biome?

A
  • High rainfall
  • Sun’s rays vary with seasons
  • Trees lose leaves in winter
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5
Q

What are the characteristics of the Tundra Biome?

A
  • Found within the arctic circle
  • Receive little heat or rainfall
  • Only tough, short grasses
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6
Q

What are the characteristics of the Tropical Biome?

A
  • Near the equator
  • Hot
  • Plenty of rain
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the Desert Biome?

A
  • Near the tropics
  • Sun’s rays very concentrated
  • Hot
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8
Q

How does temperature affect a biome?

A

It affects plant growth. Temperature decreases the further from the equator you go because the Sun’s rays become less concentrated.

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9
Q

What affects how much precipitation a biome gets?

A

Precipitation happens in low pressure belts; high pressure belts receive little to no precipitation. These belts move with the season.

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10
Q

How does temperature change with altitude?

A

Temperatures decrees by 6.5 degrees for every kilometre in height.

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11
Q

How does altitude affect rainfall?

A

The greater the altitude, the greater the amount of rainfall.

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12
Q

How does an area’s drainage affect the biome?

A

Large river deltas and areas with impermeable rocks and soil can form marshes and swamps.

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13
Q

How can soil affect what grows in a biome?

A
  • Alkali soil (i.e. Chalk and limestone) have more ash and beech trees.
  • Acidic soils have more birch, willows and alder trees.
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14
Q

What are the three environmental things the biosphere helps us with?

A
  • It’s our green lungs (regulates gases in the atmosphere)
  • Regulates the water cycle
  • Keeps soil healthy
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15
Q

Why food does the biosphere provide?

A
  • Fish
  • Meat
  • Fruits
  • Nuts
  • Berries
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16
Q

What medicines does the biosphere provide?

A
  • Vitamins
  • Quinine
  • Periwinkle
17
Q

What materials does the biosphere provide?

A
  • Timber
  • Bamboo
  • Rubber
  • Water
  • Oil
  • Gas
18
Q

What economic tensions surround the biosphere?

A

People will want to make money from the biosphere in ways that could damage it permanently. This makes it environmentally and economically unstable.

19
Q

What social tensions surround the biosphere?

A

Everyone needs to benefit from the biosphere including future generations. Businesses may want to exploit the biosphere at other peoples’ expense.

20
Q

What environmental tensions surround the biosphere?

A

Not harming natural resources so that they are unable to regenerate or continue long-term.

21
Q

What are the consequences on the biosphere of deforestation?

A

Flooding and soil erosion

22
Q

What is a consequence on the biosphere of farming?

A

Altering the Eco system

23
Q

What are the consequences on the biosphere of pollution?

A

Decline in water quality and the melting of the ice caps.

24
Q

What is the consequence on the biosphere of tourism?

A

It disturbs the wildlife.

25
Q

How many countries signed the RAMSAR Wetlands treaty?

A

168

26
Q

When was the RAMSAR Wetlands treaty signed?

A

1971

27
Q

What does the RAMSAR Wetlands treaty protect and why?

A

2.05 million square kilometres of wetlands to protect biodiversity.

28
Q

What is the main threat to the wetlands?

A

Population growth means that wetlands are being drained for farming.

29
Q

What management does the RAMSAR Wetlands treaty provide?

A

New laws to protect the wetlands.

30
Q

How many countries signed the CITES treaty?

A

166

31
Q

When was the CITES treaty signed?

A

1973

32
Q

What does the CITES treaty conserve and why?

A

It protects animals from being hunted for material goods in order to protect rare species.

33
Q

What is the largest threat to rare animals?

A

The production of products like ivory and snakeskin handbags.

34
Q

What form of management does the CITES treaty provide?

A

Legal framework

35
Q

What is sustainable management?

A

The conservation o the biosphere for future generations by making sure it isn’t used up faster than it can be renewed.

36
Q

What is agroforestry?

A

The growing of trees and crops on the same land. This prevents soil erosion and allows the crops to benefit from dead organic matter.

37
Q

What is selective logging?

A

Only cutting down trees that exceed a certain height. This guarantees trees a full life cycle.

38
Q

What is afforestation?

A

Replacing felled trees.

Geography - Unit One (8 decks)

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