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Health Assessment Exam 2 > Bates Chapter 13 - Male Genitalia & Hernias > Flashcards

Bates Chapter 13 - Male Genitalia & Hernias Flashcards

1
Q

The shaft of the penis is formed by what three columns of vascular erectile tissue?

A 
Corpus spongiosum (contains urethra)
And two corpura cavernosa
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2
Q

The urethra is normally located where in the shaft of the penis?

A

Ventrally

The meatus is usually ventral also and located near the tip of the glans

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3
Q

What hormone is released from the hypothalamus to stimulate pituitary secretion of of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)?

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GRH)

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4
Q

On what cells does LH act to promote synthesis of testosterone?

A

Interstitial Leydig cells

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5
Q

What hormone triggers pubertal growth of the male genitalia, prostate, seminal vesicles, and secondary sex characteristics?

A

5alpha dihydro-testosterone (testosterone)

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6
Q

What hormone regulates sperm production in the germ cells and Sertoli cells of the tubules?

A

FSH

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7
Q

Some testosterone is converted to:

A

Estradiol

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8
Q

What covers the anterior 2/3 of the testes and can fill with fluid?

A

Tunica vaginalis

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9
Q

What structure contains the spermatic ducts and stores, matures sperm?

A

Epididymus

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10
Q

What structure transports sperm from the epididymus to the urethra?

A

Vas deferens

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11
Q

Where does the vas deferens enter the pelvic cavity?

A

Through the external inguinal ring

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12
Q

Secretions from what three structures contribute to seminal fluid?

A

1) Vasa deferentia
2) Seminal vesicles
3) Prostate

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13
Q

What are the two types of stimuli that produce the male erection?

A

1) Visual, auditory or erotic cues (sympathetic)

2) Tactile (sensory & parasympathetic)

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14
Q

Lymphatics from the penile and scrotal surfaces drain into which nodes?

A

Inguinal nodes

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15
Q

The inguinal ligament runs between what two structures?

A

The anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle

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16
Q

What is it called when loops of bowel or omentum force their way through weak areas of the inguinal canal?

A

Inguinal hernia

17
Q

What is another route for a herniating mass?

A

Femoral canal

18
Q

What is the name of a hernia that develops at the internal inguinal ring?

A

Indirect inguinal hernia

19
Q

What is the name of a hernia that develops more medially from weakness in the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

Direct inguinal hernia

20
Q

What type of hernia is more likely to present as an emergency with bowel incarceration or strangulation?

A

Femoral hernia

21
Q

What are the four common and concerning symptoms for male genitalia?

A

1) Sexual orientation and sexual response
2) Penile discharge or lesions
3) Scrotal pain, swelling or lesions
4) STIs and STDs

22
Q

Which STIs have the highest percentages of new cases?

A

80% Chlamydia
19% Gonorrhea
1% Syphllis

23
Q

Which age group represents the largest percentage of new cases of STI?

A

Ages 15-24

24
Q

Which groups have the highest risk for HIV?

A

African American men (>50%) and

men having sex with other men (55%)

25
Q

What are the high risk groups for HIV?

A

Men with male sex partners, individuals with multiple partners, past or present injection drug users, sex workers, individuals with a hx of STI, HIV infection, IV drug use or bisexual partners, recipients of blood from 1978-1985

26
Q

Key information for sexual history includes:

A

1) Sexual orientation
2) # of partners in the past month
3) Hx of past STI
4) Screening for ETOH and drug use

27
Q

Condoms can help reduce the transmission of what diseases?

A

HIV, HPV and some STIs

28
Q

HPV vaccination is recommended for what ages (males)?

A

Ages 9-26

29
Q

What is the most common cancer in males aged 15-34?

A

Testicular cancer

30
Q

What are the risk factors for testicular cancer?

A

1) Family hx of testicular cancer
2) Hx of cryptorchidism
3) Hx of carcinoma in the contra-lateral testicle
4) Mumps orchitis
5) An inguinal hernia
6) Hydrocele in childhood
7) Caucasian

31
Q

What is a tight prepuce (foreskin) that cannot be retracted to reveal the glans called?

A

Phimosis

32
Q

What is the term for a tight prepuce that once retracted, cannot be returned causing edema?

A

Paraphimosis

33
Q

What is the term for inflammation of the glans?

A

Balantitis

34
Q

What is the term for inflammation of the glans and prepuce?

A

Balanoposthitis

35
Q

What do you call congenital, ventral displacement of the meatus?

A

Hypospadias

36
Q

What is the term for dome-shaped white or yellow papules or nodules filled with keratin debris on the scrotum?

A

Epidermoid cysts

37
Q

What is the term for multiple, tortuous veins in the scrotum (usually on the left)?

A

Varicocele

38
Q

What is the incidence of testicular cancer?

A

4 per 100,000 men

Health Assessment Exam 2 (13 decks)

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